Regional Value Chain Embedding And Embodied Carbon In Trade Value-added

Under the system of global value chain,the regionalization of international trade is becoming more significant.The mode and degree of China's regional value chain embeddedness and its environmental effects have become new research directions.On one hand,the thought of "build a pattern of domestic and international dual circulation" has broadened the meaning of regional value chain in the perspective of international and domestic circulation.The embedding of Chinese regional value chain not only covers embedding to international regional value chains,but also include domestic embedding to global value chain.On the other hand,the definition of “embodied carbon in trade value-added” which based on the value-added accounting method can extract the embodied carbon caused by trade value-added and exclude foreign emissions and repeated calculation,and then it highlights the two features of "environmental costs" and "domestic emissions" that will more objectively measure the environmental costs.This paper focuses on the theoretical analysis,measurement method,status description and empirical analysis of the regional value chain embeddedness and the embodied carbon of trade value-added from the perspectives of international and domestic circulation.The content is as follows:Firstly,the theoretical basis of the regional value chain embedding and embodied carbon in trade value-added is analyzed.On one hand,from the perspectives of value-added trade,production chain decomposition and carbon emissions within the value chain system,the theoretical framework of the WWZ trade value-added calculation,tradable production activities and trade carbon emissions deconstruction are explained and analyzed.On the other hand,based on the empirical model of environmental pollution and supply model,an empirical model of the regional value chain embedding to the emission of trade value-added is constructed by introducing influencing from regional value chain division,and then the effects of scale,structure and technology are analyzed.Secondly,the framework of “international-domestic input-output”(IRIOT-WIOT table)is proposed on the theoretical basis of trade value-added and production chains.The theoretical model of simple embeddedness and complex embeddedness of the regional value chain(international regional value chain and domestic regional value chain)are established.At the same time,according to the WWZ trade value-added framework and the decomposition of the trade embodied carbon emission in the global value chain,the calculation method of embodied carbon in trade value-added is deducted.Thirdly,based on the theoretical models and measurement methods of the simple and complex embeddedness of regional value chains,this paper analyzes the status and characteristics of the regional value chain in China: China is in upstream position in the EU and BRIC regional value chains and in downstream position in the North America and East Asia regional value chains.In China's domestic regions,coastal areas dominated by Shanghai and Guangdong are embedded in the global value chain at a higher position,and western provinces dominated by Guizhou and Ningxia are embedded in the global value chain at a lower position.Guangdong and Jiangsu have the highest degree of embedding in the global value chain.Fourthly,from the perspective of international circulation,the fixed effects model of panel data is used to analyze the impact of China's manufacturing embedded in the four major international regional value chains to embodied carbon in trade value-added.The increase in the simple embedding degree of Chinese manufacturing in the four major international regions will increase the embodied carbon emissions of trade value-added,and the increase of complex embedding degree will reduce the embodied carbon emissions of trade value-added,with the exception of the BRIC region.For the high-tech manufacturing,it will help to reduce the cost of carbon emissions as long as the value chain embeddedness is improved;for the low-tech manufacturing,only the complex embedded activities in the BRIC region will increase the cost of carbon emissions,which is different from the impact of other regions..At the same time,the export scale effect basically presents a "U"-shaped characteristic,and an increase in per capita capital will increase the embodied carbon of trade value-added.Increased expenditures for industrial scientific research will reduce the embodied carbon of trade value-added.Fifthly,from the perspective of domestic circulation,the fixed effects model of panel data and the geographically weighted regression model of variable coefficients are used to research the impact of the embeddedness of the global value chain to the embodied carbon emission of the trade value-added in domestic major regional level and provincial level.The provincial embodied carbon emission of trade value-added has significant positive spatial correlation.There are spatial characteristics of agglomeration of "high-high" and "low-low" emission provincial regions.The simple embeddedness of the global value chain of provincial region has a positive impact on the embodied carbon emission of trade value-added,and the complex embeddedness has a negative impact.The simple and complex embeddedness in the central provinces have a greater impact than the eastern and the western.At the same time,increasing provincial GDP and expanding the number of scientific personnel in industrial production departments will help reduce embodied carbon of trade value-added,and increasing coal energy input will increase embodied carbon of trade value-added.Finally,on the basis of theoretical research,status description and empirical analysis on the measurement of embeddedness of China's regional value chain and the measurement of embodied carbon emission of trade value-added,the conclusions of the research are summarized to upgrade China's regional value chain position and reduce carbon emission.First of all,every participating country should redefine the carbon emission index that measures the environmental cost of trade under the global value chain system.The concept of embodied carbon emission of trade value-added is more accurately.Secondly,expanding cooperation with the international regional value chains and adopting different trade policies to different regional value chains are needed.Then,differentiated value chain division and emission reduction strategy are adopted in view of the heterogeneity between domestic regions.The eastern region innovates the development model of commerce and service,the western region promotes the development of technology and trade,and the central region improves the methods of extensive consumption to give full play to the advantages of the industry.Finally,by increasing technological input,avoiding blind exports expansion,reducing industry coal energy input and per capita capital ratio,establishing scientific research incentives to promote the upgrading of the value chain and reducing the cost of carbon emissions.