A Study On Embodied Carbon Estimation And Responsibility Sharing In China-Japan Trade

With the deepening of the division of labor in the global production network,China has become the "world factory" to meet the demand of the final product consumption in the developed countries.Under this background,trade statistics method on the basis of the final traditional product cannot accurately reflect the global value chain of the complete production process and the current production appreciation for different countries,which means it is difficult to describe the trade interests that the country has gained from its own trade activities,there are serious errors in the calculation of embodied carbon emissions.In addition,numerous studies have shown that in the trade between the north and the south,developed countries has achieved economic and environmental benefits,but eventually let developing countries such as China to bear the cost of environmental pollution and emission reduction.It is obviously unfair to China and other developing countries.At present,the development of East Asia region is an important engine to drive the development of global economy,whose international trade in the global scale also has significant share of total trade volume.With close geographical location and complemented industries structures,China and Japan are two core countries in East Asia and also have huge trade contacts.In terms of trade structure,the prominent feature of China-Japan trade is the rapid development of intra product trade,and China is in the low end of the industrial chain,while Japan has advanced production technology and equipment,Japan is in the high-end industrial chain.In China-Japan trade,intermediate or final products of cross-border trade meet the demand consumption and investment in Japan,but in the process of production the carbon dioxide and other pollutants are remained in China.Under the background of the Sino-Japan trade structure gradually changing to intra-product trade model,it is helpful to definite their respective real carbon emissions responsibility by the means of accurate measure implicit trade carbon emissions between the two countries and clarify implicit carbon emissions of their structure and the dynamic change characteristics.The paper introduces the background and the current situation of trade and carbon emissions embodied in trade.Then,this paper reviews relative study from the relation between trade and implicit carbon,the calculation method of embodied carbon emissions and carbon emissions responsibility,and summarizes the theoretical mechanism that affects the transfer of carbon emissions.Afterwards,from the perspective of technology heterogeneity,using the input-output method,input-output data and trade statistics,the paper estimates the carbon emissions embodied in China-Japan trade,comparing the accuracy of carbon emissions measured by the traditional trade statistics and new value-added trade statistics.Then,using the new value added trade statistics to measure the carbon emission responsibility of China and Japan under three different allocation principles.Finally,constructing the carbon emission allocation index to allocate the carbon emission burden targets to various industries.The empirical results show that using the old and new trade statistics,China is deficit exports to Japan.However,China is a net exporter of carbon emissions to Japan,owing to the complete carbon emission coefficient of all sectors of China is higher than Japan.The carbon emissions embodied in China-Japan calculated by traditional trade statistics is significantly higher than the calculation of the new value added trade statistics.Comparing the producer responsibility,consumer responsibility and shared responsibility of carbon emissions in China,we can found that there is a big difference between the three principles of carbon emissions responsibility,but the principle of shared responsibility is relatively fair.The emission reduction capacity and the emission reduction responsibility are taken into account in the shared responsibility principle,and allocate China's carbon emission burden to various industries.We found that the major industries of China's reduction the larger number of carbon emission include metal products,other non-metallic mineral products,chemical products,electrical and optical equipment manufacturing industry.