Study On Damage Of Ship Target Penetrated By Anti-ship Missile With Missile-Target Combination

Anti-ship missile,a weapon combining both capability of armor piercing and power of explosion,is wide spread as precise guidance technology rapidly evolves.Attacked by anti-ship missiles,local ship structures may suffer severe damage.The damage of longitudinal continuous components of ship structures will inevitably cause damage to the longitudinal strength of the ship hull,and thus greatly reduce ship survivability.Attack of anti-ship missiles to surface ships is mainly divided into two stages:armor piercing and in-cabin explosion.It is generally believed that the missiles' ultimate damage effect is mainly due to the explosion stage,which risks overlooking the importance of the armor piercing stage.For semi-armor piercing anti-ship missiles,it is often necessary to penetrate multiple layers of plates before being detonated in the core area of a target ship in order to achieve effective damage.However,the ruptures formed during the penetration will afterwards cause venting of the explosion,which affects the damage capability of the missiles.More importantly,the attitude angle and other ballistic characteristics of a missile changes during its piercing through ship structures,subject to the coupled effect of multi-layer grillages and stiffener ribs,and this will seriously affect the armor piercing capability.Based on the above,this work conducts targeted research on the penetration characteristics during the piercing of anti-ship missiles through target ship structures from a joint perspective of both the anti-ship missile and the target ship(the missile-ship perspective),and provides a practical combat evaluation method for anti-ship missile penetration damage,which may serve as references for engineering applications.Structural parameters of surface ships built by navies based on various design codes are different,but follow certain common rules.Based on public data,this paper analyzes the parameters,such as the main scale,of modern destroyers,and digs into these parameters on the basis of ship principles to obtain characteristic features in terms of ship modal coefficient,local refinement structures,section profile,etc.Numerical reconstruction of target ships is carried out to obtain associated structural parameters.The resulting numerically reconstructed model reflects the overall and refined local structural features with respect to main scale,local structure,profile characteristic and modal response,etc.,and serves as the basis of designing the target systems for penetration damage assessment.This paper focuses on the characteristics of the damage anti-ship missiles cause to surface ships.The attack of the missiles to the ships is divided into three stages:hit(missile hitting the target),penetration(missile penetrating ship structure)and explosion(missile exploding inside ship cabin).In the hit stage,the probability of each part of the ship in the target plane being hit by the missile is estimated with Monte Carlo method.In the penetration stage,the mechanism of penetration damage of the thin-plate grillage is discussed.Taking into account the influence of the initial angle of attack,the widely adopted de Marre&Belkin semi-empirical formula is improved and its scope of application is further extended.In the stage of in-cabin explosion,the image method is improved taking into consideration cabin rupture,oblique shock wave reflection and Mach reflection,and a fast prediction method for in-cabin warhead explosion load is obtained considering cabin rupture.Meanwhile,damage characteristics and the range of influence of the high-speed fragmentation and impact environment on ship structure are analyzed.The numerical simulation is validated by previous projectile shooting test results.Targeting on the ship grillage,this work studies the damage mechanism during the penetration of anti-ship missiles through ship grillage.Analysis on numerical results under different conditions reveals the coupled effect of the impact velocity,the initial attitude angle and the grillages' material property and structural form on the ballistic characteristics of the missile and the damage mode of the grillage.A function representing the association between these factors and a dynamic correction relationship between the projected area of the missile on the target surface and the actual rupture area in the de Marre&Belkin formula are obtained to further improve the accuracy of the formula.Meanwhile,the extreme condition of penetration damage on ship grillage is determined to provide references for the input conditions of the penetration damage assessment of the target ship.For the design of the target system that simulates the structure of the target ship,the current work puts forward a three-level design method.The three levels are the damage effectiveness of anti-ship missile to the multi-layer grillage of the target ship,the similarity between the spectrum of grillages in the target system and the target ship,and the design scheme of the frame of the target system considering experiment conditions.The structural form of the target ship's multi-layer grillage is used as the basis for the design of the target grillages in the target system.Analysis is carried out on the difference between the assessment models for the penetration of missiles through three types of structures,i.e.,multi-layer plates with equivalent homogeneous thickness,multi-layer stiffened plates and single-layer plates with designated homogeneous thickness.The center position of each target grillage in the target system is determined based on the position of the spot of impingement of the anti-ship missiles on the grillage.The sizes and the boundary conditions of the target grillages mounted on the frames of the target system are determined based on the similarity between the shock wave spectrum of each target plate and its corresponding grillage on the target ship and the range of influence of ruptures.The target system is validated by comparison with the target ship from the perspective of energy transfer,taking into consideration the limitation of the test field.Finally,the design method for the target system is formed based on the structural characteristics of the target ship.The accuracy of the on-site assembling of the target system will significantly influence the validity of the assessment results of the anti-ship missile damage.Therefore,the current work uses numerical simulation to predict the ballistic characteristics of the missile interacting with the target system under different assembling conditions,and gives an acceptable range of accuracy of the assembling of the target system to ensure successful evaluation of the missiles' penetration and damage to the target ship.Experimental research is carried out on the missile penetration damage through a rocket sled system.Based on the analysis of the experimental data collected by the high-speed dynamic capturing system,the ballistic characteristics such as the velocity and attitude of the missile are obtained,and the data such as the damage mode of the target plate are obtained through investigation on the target system in the later stage of the experiment.Comparing the experimental data with the results of the numerical simulation and the improved de Marre&Belkin formula,the applicability of the formula under input conditions with large attack angle and the validity of the numerical simulation are verified.Based on the missile-ship research perspective and starting from the ballistic characteristics of the missile such as the impact speed and the attitude angle and the damage mode of the target system,this work comprehensively evaluates the anti-ship missile's penetration and damage performance,and proposes a missile-ship assessment method for anti-ship missile penetration damage.