Mass Customization Design Of Rural Housing

In the current unified construction of rural housing in China,there are generally “repetitive”problems such as insufficient participation of users,low degree of industrialization,and uniform and monotonous design.However,in the spontaneous construction of traditional rural housing,the characteristics of "differences" such as the democratically guided construction of the village,the integration of production,life and ecology,and the flexible and changeable layout are very common.In response to the above contradiction of "repeatability and difference",a mass customization of rural housing design system is constructed.It takes into account the local culture,housing demand,supply and production,and couples the generation design rules of rural settlement planning and layout and the custom generation design rules of rural housing.It is an exploration of "small,massive,heterogeneous,and cheap" rural housing.A new design method is developed towards customization,flexibility and industrialization.Firstly,this thesis compares and analyzes the hetero-organized unified-built settlements and self-organized self-built settlements,and points out that the intensive settlement driven by the dual organization is a living space organization model that represents positiveness and enthusiasm.It can not only avoid their own shortcomings,but also integrate the advantages of both.Secondly,in response to the common problems in hetero-organized settlements that it is difficult to balance "standardization" and "individualization" and the prominent heterogeneous living needs of self-organized settlements,the shape grammar of "form rules as the starting point of design" proposed from the perspective of the expert system is improved.Make it possible to add the label of "housing demand".Thirdly,in order to ensure the effectiveness of user demand in the design process of rural housing and the relevance of design and production,the interaction between design space,custom space,and production space was analyzed,and digital models,users,architects,researchers,and builders have built a system for mass customization design of rural housing.Then,considering that the needs of rural users are not easy to accurately obtain,based on the family life cycle theory,a 6-stage family life cycle model suitable for rural areas in our country is constructed,and 5 typical rural family models are used to demonstrate the characteristics of the cycle stages.The degree of matching with family housing needs.Finally,from the defined 6-level hierarchical structure of rural housing,four levels of “room,dwelling,neighborhood,and settlement” are extracted.Research on the design method and application of mass customization of rural housing based on shape grammar and related to settlement planning and layout and housing individual customization.The above-mentioned design system and method can not only verify the design flexibility of rural houses,but also reserve "interfaces" for the construction and assembly links for supply and production.The full text consists of 8 chapters.Chapter 1 summarizes the literature on mass customization and housing design,and points out the problems and challenges faced by housing mass customization.The first point is the low integration of settlement planning,housing design,supply and production,and the lack of dual organization.The second point is the low relevance of housing design to the user’s phased demands and the family life cycle.The third point is the general lack of a design method that integrates planning,design and production.The fourth point is the rule-based reasoning related to settlement planning and housing design,and the driving effect of the development of industrialized housing design theory is ignored.Chapter 2 analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the hetero-organized settlements and self-organized settlements based on the theory of self-organized human settlements and related examples,and puts forward the conclusion that the mass customization design system of housing should be constructed according to the standard of double organization.Chapter 3 summarizes and summarizes the development process and design features of industrialized housing in six stages,including craftsman-style housing,standardized housing,homogeneous housing,differentiated housing,mass customized housing and personalized customized housing,and clarifies the basic concept and the basis of research and practice.Chapter 4 explores the types,definitions,characteristics,methods and tools of digital design models,and demonstrates that digital generative design models based on shape grammar are an effective way to develop mass custom design of rural housing.Chapter 5 builds a mass customized design system for rural housing composed of 5 main bodies.Through the analysis of 8 sets of interactive relationships,the feasibility of implementing mass customized design of rural housing is demonstrated from the formulation of design rules and the construction of interactive modes.Chapter 6 constructs a rural family life cycle model consisting of 6 stages: starting period,raising period,burden period,stable period,support period and empty nest period,combining traditional peasants,migrant peasants,plowland-dissociated peasants,endogenous new peasants,and exogenous new peasants of typical rural households to study the relationship between the different stages of the life cycle of rural households and the heterogeneous housing demand of different stages and the typed housing space.Chapter 7 takes researchers and architects as the subject,summarizes the morphological and functional characteristics of homesteads and their housing in traditional rural settlements based on shape grammar,defines the layout rules of three-level settlements and their corresponding corpora,and develops rural settlement planning layout generative design research.After that,with user as the subject,three dimensions of housing customization rules and their corresponding corpus are defined to correlate the housing demand of rural families,carry out research on the generation and design of rural housing personalized customization,and complete the output and verification of the final design results.Chapter 8 summarizes the main work of this thesis and looks forward to the next research direction.