Study On The Design Strategy Of Kindergarten Circulation Area Based On Children Evacuation Behavioural Experiment

With the gradual deepening of China's fertility policy reform,the demand of kindergartens is increasing year by year.At the same time,in recent years,China has put forward higher requirements for the architectural design and fire protection design of kindergartens.It is necessary and important to use the basic data of user behaviour as the basis of spatial design.The acquisition and application of children evacuation basic data is an urgent research topic at home and abroad.In this paper,the relevant theories and methods of architecture,behaviour,safety science,statistics and other disciplines are comprehensively used to obtain the basic data of children's evacuation,explore the relationship between each area of circulation area and evacuation behaviour,use the actual data as simulation parameters and the application in the design strategy.Establish the link between the children evacuation data and the kindergarten architectural design strategy.Firstly,through the literature review at home and abroad,this paper puts forward the research problems:the basic research based on children's evacuation behaviour is scarce at home and abroad;the establishment of children's evacuation model is still in its infancy,which directly affects the kindergarten building design and fire protection design;in the research of kindergarten building evacuation simulation,the existing children's parameters are relatively discrete,which affects the accuracy of the simulation results.Based on the literature summary of architectural design and fire protection design standards and specifications,this paper focuses on the sub problems of kindergarten architectural design in China.Based on the investigation of 17 kindergartens in Dalian City,this paper summarizes the design status of the building circulation area of kindergartens in Dalian City,conducts the daily behaviour experiments of 3-6-year-old children in horizontal and vertical directions,uses SPSS correlation analysis and difference detection to evaluate the characteristics of daily and evacuation behaviour,and focuses on the sub problems of children's evacuation behaviour research.The main content of the experiment is children's evacuation behaviour experiment.The circulation area of three typical kindergartens is divided into areas according to function.The basic data of children's evacuation and the evacuation effect of each area are obtained.Among them,free walking speed and comprehensive speed model provide data and method support for subsequent simulation experiments.The results show that there is a big gap between the velocity-density model and the flow rate-density model,and the boundary layer is almost zero.The basic data of children evacuation provided the main data and theoretical support for the follow-up study.In the process of daily and evacuation behaviour experiments,it is found that the design of each area of circulation area has an impact on children's evacuation behaviour.In order to explore the regularity,through the evacuation behaviour data under different local space designs and the probability of typical behaviour in different overall space forms,the influence of different circulation area designs on children's evacuation behaviour is expressed.To provide further theoretical basis and data support for the kindergarten building circulation area design strategy.Using the Pathfinder based on agent-based model to simulate the evacuation simulation experiment of three typical kindergartens,taking the experimental data of children's actual behaviour as parameters,the accuracy of the simulation results is improved,and is close to the experimental results.At the same time,it also provides the applicability of the parameter setting and model application in kindergarten evacuation simulation.It provides part of the method support for the kindergarten building circulation area design strategy.Based on the above experimental data and conclusions,combined with the domestic and foreign kindergarten building design and fire protection design specifications and guidelines as the theoretical basis,this paper makes the circulation area design strategy of kindergarten building based on the measured data.In order to provide children with safety as the basic kindergarten environment.The basic data of children evacuation obtained in this paper can provide theoretical basis and data support for kindergarten circulation area research;kindergarten circulation area design strategy can provide reference for kindergarten architectural design in China;the setting and method of children evacuation simulation parameters can improve the accuracy of simulation software in practical application,and verify its applicability;this empirical study and its application The strategy can provide method and theoretical support for other types of buildings.