The Research Of The Tectonic System Of Huizhou Vernacular Architecture

Based on local materials,Vernacular Architecture is a material carrier that satisfies the requirement of space to achieve environmental comfort,is rich in folk culture and other symbolic meanings,and comprehensively accepts and continues the local lifestyle.They reflect the social,economic,scientific and technological development of small and medium-sized communities such as villages and small towns.They are also typical as a comprehensive medium for inheriting local culture,living customs and folk skills in various regions.As one of the most typical branches of Chinese Vernacular Architecture,Huizhou Vernacular Architecture(HVA)has been affected by comprehensively influences including local natural climatic conditions and social comprehensive development factors.It has formed a stable and highly recognizable and representative type,which has great research value.This dissertation takes the "Tectonic System" of HVA as the research object.Through the hierarchical exploration and comparison by typological methods,it systematically combs the tectonic types and logic system of HVA,revealing the intrinsic relationships between its material composition and natural environment,social development,folk skills,cultural symbols,etc.,thus setting up a systematic research model of "Tectonic-Type" and forming the following four parts:material-construction type,spatial type,performance type,and decoration type:The first part is to summarize the materials of HVA and its types of construction premises,process,models,and results.This chapter forms the analysis of the types of four sub-construction systems,such as mound/floor,enclosure,frame,and roof,through basic exploration of the material's background,source,composition,and craftsman systems,construction methods.The second part is the combing of the spatial prototype and the spatial tectonic logics of HVA.This chapter systematically summarizes the three basic prototypes and two extended types of HVA,and then carries out the analysis of the types about the core space-"patio" to further explore the logics of the spatial types of HVA formed on the basis of the prototypes.The third part is the exploration of the construction type of the performance mechanism formed by HVA to cope with environmental changes.Starting from the four main environmental factors affecting the local architecture,such as wind,light,heat and water/wet,this chapter explores the construction types formed by HVA in dealing with the environment and building their own environmental adaptabilities and comforts.The fourth part is a systematic summary of the types of HVA influenced by decoration.From the three perspectives of "decoration process,construction factor,meaning symbol",meanings,types and influences of decoration on construction are explained as comprehensively as possible so that the decoration system which is traditionally at the margins of architectural researches could be incorporated into the vernacular tectonic system.Focusing on the theme of "Tectonics" and relying on the principal of "Type",this dissertation integrates the cultural,technical,ecological and artistic aspects of HVA so that it could fully reveal the truth of vernacular tectonics in the aspects of material-construction,spatial-mode,performance-operation,and decorative-meanings.There are about 188,000 words in main parts,and more than 330 pictures and charts.