| As a typical example of folk and marine culture of Southeastern coastal China,Matsu belief's spread and development process had revealed the historical process of Fujian and Guangdong ancestors' immigration and exploitation historical process.In a long period,Chinese intellectuals and literati and officialdom who were deeply influenced by Confucian culture,often emphasized the Confucian culture's influence,while neglected the folk culture's influence.In Taiwan,Taiwan became one part of Qing government after 1684.The same political system,the communal promote of both official and civilian forces,great amount of Fujian and Guangdong immigrants into Taiwan,offered similar soil and environment for Matsu belief's development in Taiwan.Besides,Taiwan society in immigrants,period had the psychological need for Matsu belief.Therefore,Matsu belief can spread and develop widely.Nowadays Taiwan Matsu belief's development grows vigorously and the prosperous degree even surpasses mainland.Why this phenomenon happens?We should return to historical venation to find the answer.Qing dynasty is the critical historic period of Taiwan Matsu belief's development.Through the four main carriers of personnel,ceremony temple and organization,Taiwan Matsu belief has made an unprecedented development,fusing with local society and becoming an important folk belief to integrate local crowd.In the matter of personnel,Qing dynasty's officials,gentry,abbots and Kau(?)merchants were the important carriers of Taiwan Matsu belief's spreading into Taiwan.In connection to ceremony,through Fujian and Guangdong ancestors and officials' ceremony,the immigrants's sense of identity had strengthened and the official's sense of mission had strengthened,thus enhancing the social cohesion.In terms of organization,there were lots of spirits organizaitions which took Matsu as the main deity.They were helpful in solving contradictions of local society and maintain the social order. |
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