Current Research On Urban Disease Management In China

In the development course of world metropolis,all countries had suffered or are suffering the trouble of metropolis syndrome.Along with the constant acceleration of urbanization in China,many types of symptoms of metropolis syndrome have become serious in China.The spread of metropolis syndrome does not only seriously destroy the efficiency of metropolis public resource allocation and sustainable development of public resource,exacerbate the metropolis ecological environment and block the metropolis economic and social development,but also significantly erode and reduce the life quality of metropolis residents.Based on a systematic analysis on study results of metropolis syndrome and its governance,this research takes the perspective of Public Goods Theory to construct the public goods supply constructive analytical framework about the studies on metropolis syndrome and its governance,and provides empirical study and theoretical analysis on the concepts,reasons,essence,status quo,types and harms,etc.of metropolis syndrome.Then,this research has an in-depth review of the practice of metropolis syndrome governance in China,using examples of Beijing,Shanghai and Hangzhou.Meanwhile,this research learns experience of metropolis syndrome governance from three cities:New York,Tokyo and London.After that,this research suggests categorized governance measures and holistic governance general plan that will optimize metropolis syndrome governance in China.This research has the following findings.Firstly,the essence of metropolis syndrome is the structural variation of the metropolis self-organizing system caused by the structural imbalance of the metropolis public goods supply.From the perspective of Public Goods Supply Theory,the structural imbalance of the metropolis public goods supply system,the metropolis public goods supply subject,the metropolis public goods supply and demand,the metropolis public goods supply type and the metropolis public goods supply space,all result in the structural variation of the metropolis self-organizing system,and cause different types of metropolis syndrome.The essence of metropolis syndrome is the structural variation of the metropolis self-organizing system caused by the structural imbalance of the metropolis public goods supply.Secondly,metropolis syndrome includes three types:supply-scarcity metropolis syndrome,supply-disorder metropolis syndrome and supply-imbalance metropolis syndrome,and different types of metropolis syndrome have the characteristics of interactionally overlapping and enhanced.From the perspective of Public Goods Supply,metropolis syndrome can be divided into supply-scarcity metropolis syndrome,supply-disorder metropolis syndrome and supply-imbalance metropolis syndrome.Supply-scarcity metropolis syndrome is the syndrome that metropolis operation becoming low efficiency or inefficiency caused by serious metropolis resource scarcity.Supply-disorder metropolis syndrome means that the functions and effects of metropolis system becoming chaos based on metropolis public goods supply reason and that can influence the normal performance of the whole system and have abnormal functions and characteristics.Supply-imbalance metropolis syndrome is caused by the structural imbalance of metropolis public goods supply.The complication of metropolis system and the dialectic relations among all elements result that different types of metropolis syndrome become overlapping and interactionally enhanced,and the governance strategies among different types of metropolis syndrome have externality.Thirdly,the fragmented governance strategies caused by traditional function division have policy negative externalities that cannot fundamentally enhance the self-organizing system of metropolis organism or reach the goal of "reinforcing the fundamental and cultivating the vital energy",and thus can have negative effects on the governance of metropolis syndrome.The empirical review and comparative study on the governance of metropolis syndrome at home and abroad show that,influenced by the traditional functionally-divided and fragmented governance mode,contemporary governance strategy of metropolis syndrome is mainly as follows:the responsible functional departments use tailored governance measures,as direct lesion in Western Medicine,to deal with specific metropolis syndrome according to their divided functions.Although this strategy can reduce symptoms of metropolis syndrome in a short time,the functionally-divided fragmented governance usually has strong policy negative externalities.One type of governance measure often triggers or aggravates symptoms of another type of metropolis syndrome,and occurs policy-triggered metropolis syndrome.The functionally-divided fragmented governance can hardly reach the goals of promoting enhancement of the self-organization of metropolis organism and achieving the"reinforcing the fundamental and cultivating the vital energy" of metropolis system,and therefore can have negative effects on the governance of metropolis syndrome comprehensively.Fourthly,the governance of metropolis syndrome needs to apply the governance strategy that combines categorized governance with holistic governance.The governance of metropolis syndrome does not only need to consider the short-term need to govern metropolis syndrome and to use categorized governance measures according to reasons and types of metropolis syndrome,but also needs to consider more comprehensively factors such as the complication of metropolis system,the dialectical relations among all sub-systems of metropolis that complement and restrict each other,the relevance of all kinds of metropolis syndrome and the negative externalities influence of metropolis syndrome governance policy.People need to use holistic thinking to make innovations in ideas,policies and measures of metropolis syndrome governance in macro,middle and micro levels,and take a systematic governance mode to implement holistic governance in the management of metropolis syndrome.The innovative points of this research are as follows:1)this research uses Public Goods Theory to construct the public goods constructive analytical framework about the studies on metropolis syndrome and its governance,showing that the essence of metropolis syndrome is the structural variation of the metropolis self-organizing system caused by the structural imbalance of the metropolis public goods supply from the perspective of public goods supply.2)based on the systematic analysis of reasons for metropolis syndrome and theoretical generalization of types of metropolis syndrome,this research divides metropolis syndrome into three types:supply-scarcity metropolis syndrome,supply-disorder metropolis syndrome and supply-imbalance metropolis syndrome.3)after considering both the practical need to govern metropolis syndrome in a short time and the ultimate goal of promotion of "reinforcing the fundamental and cultivating the vital energy" of metropolis organism,this research suggests the governance idea of metropolis syndrome that combines categorized governance with holistic governance.This research still has the following shortcomings:1)when providing an X-rayed analysis of complicated metropolis syndrome,this research may not be able to sufficiently reveal the underlying roots of metropolis syndrome.2)when making categorization of complicated metropolis syndrome,this research may not be able to suggest adequate types of metropolis syndrome that are in accordance with the principal requirement of categorization.3)the categorized governance measures and the general plan of holistic governance suggested by this research may have some self-conflicts in theory,and need to be tested in practice.The tasks for future study include the following issues:based on the enhancement of theoretical study and empirical survey,this research shall provide more in-depth detailed discussions on these problems.Then,this research shall make further test and confirmation of the governance strategy that combined categorized governance measures with holistic governance general plan,in order to deepen studies on the governance theory of metropolis syndrome,to promote the scientific nature and feasibility of the governance strategy of metropolis syndrome,and to facilitate the governance practice of metropolis syndrome.