The Construction Of Public Administration Towards Alterity

Both the theory and practice of public administration have the logic of evolution towards the alterity.Since the middle and late 20 th century,in the increasingly connected social network structure,the alterity of public administration has encountered obstacles.How to make the alterity go beyond the narrowness of reality without falling into a pure utopia,and how to realize self-construction in a highly complex environment while facing the others is the internal tension of contemporary public administration.Therefore,in order to realize the benign development of the theory and practice of public administration and promote its positive construction,it is necessary to clearly sort out and define the problems related to the alterity of public administration.Although the alterity construction problem caused the attention of some people,some even put forward the connotation of the alterity of postmodern public administration,but there is no person systematically comb and thinking about the evolution logic of public administration towards alterity from the perspective of the history of public administration,In turn,find out the present problems of the alterity construction,explore and demonstrate the value of the alterity in the contemporary.Late 20 th century,the most professional in the production and reproduction of knowledge and disciplines are lack of consciousness of historical analysis,historical analysis of consciousness which has the alterity dimension is not simply related to time and space,but also associated with the practice and research of the overall culture.The consciousness of historical analysis can extract the essence from the diachronic accumulation of knowledge and see the rules and trends of the development of things.At the same time,it also notes the pattern of historicism and considers the value and reference significance of the history of public administration for the present.Therefore,this paper sorts out and reflects on the evolution logic of public administration towards alterity.By sorting out and reflecting on the history of public administration,this paper finds out the internal tension of contemporary public administration towards the construction of alterity.Based on alterity,it can provide direction for the reconstruction of public administration and enlighten the construction of public administration in China which is also in a highly complex governance environment.The alterity in the field of postmodern public administration should contain rich contents.First,the alterity means opening up to others,embracing others,embracing differences,and being responsible for the moral content of others.Secondly,the alterity means that we should construct public administration according to anti-authority.Anti-authority is decentralization or non-canonicalization,which dispels the superstition of subjectivity value(control,rationality,efficiency,science,etc.)and foundationalism in the modern construction of public administration.The content of anti-authority is that the government and its officials regard themselves as others(the authority is deconstructed by administrative personnel),and then the participatory governance activity confronts authority(the freedom to confront even when there is a conflict with the government).This paper begins with the history of public administration and finds its evolving logic towards the construction of the other,which includes a research and practice process from rejecting the other to recognizing the other,and then to opening up and constructing to the other,namely the evolution of public administration towards the alterity.This paper systematically describes the self-construction of public administration from the entity level and the value level,showing that public administration completes the self-construction through the rejection of others in this stage.Soon,public administration found itself in need of others to prove its integrity.In the history of public administration,we can find the roles and values of several major others in the construction of public administration.Based on this,this paper analyzes the construction and value of the recognition of others in public administration from the level of entity and value.Along with the evolution logic of public administration towards alterity,this paper sorts out and reveals the obstacles to the construction of alterity in contemporary public administration.First,the construction of public administration faced the contemporary environment in which the self and the other are both interdependent and divided,including a self-destructive inability to deal freely with problems related to the other and the other who breaks through the limitation of traditional time and space brings new problems,that is,the failure of entity governance thinking puts forward new requirements for the construction of alterity.Second,the construction of public administration differences encountered narrow reality,The bureaucracy in the late 20 th century cannot regard itself as the other,and it further controls and excludes the other,destroys the sociality(the society answers the question of “who I am” and my relationship with the other),and the bureaucracy based on the design of atomized individuals is unjust.In the late 20 th century,the market wanted to change or even replace the central governance role of the government which showed the lack of alterity in the public sphere.Third,the field of public administration urgently responds to the narrow reality in the construction of public administration alterity,but further problems arise in the process of dealing with the relationship with others.In the late 20 th century,there were different cognitive approaches to the problem of legitimacy(the legitimacy of public administration mostly requires the help of others),which caused the confusion of the recognition of the other in the late 20 th century,and all the other people became the recognition tools of public administration.As for the responsibility of public administration to others,the theory of public administration is accused of losing the value of explanation and guidance to practice.Under the guidance of the connotation of alterity in post-modern public administration,the way to face these obstacles is as follows.First,public administration needs to have moral content that is open to others,welcoming others,tolerant of differences and responsible for others.Secondly,the alterity of public administration means constructing public administration on the basis of anti-authority.In the alterity construction of public administration,those who regard themselves as others can deal with the narrowness of bureaucracy itself in reality.On a deeper level,public administration is constructed on the basis of anti-authority(control),anti-arrogance(rationality),listening and administrative care.Third,both in the processing and other related issues,or to meet all the other process,especially under postmodern ideological trend(postmodernism is he),Public administration needs fulcrum to solve the problem of self-division,deal with the problems related to others confidently,and confront the risk of public interest moving towards relativism or nihilism in postmodernism.Fourth,opening up to others also means confronting public administration with the highly complex concrete reality.In today’s globalized and informationalized world,when “coexistence stipulates this existence” becomes a reality,and in the rapid flow trend different from any stage of development in history,neither the legitimacy strategy of the recognition of others nor the responsibility in it can fully adapt to the needs of social governance.Breaking through the concept of entity puts forward realistic requirements for the construction of public administration alterity.The alterity construction of public administration in China not only faces the common contemporary background with the west,but also exists in the unique national conditions.First,the alterity construction of public administration in China is faced with similar problems as that in the west,which exist in the diverse,complex and deteriorating contemporary co-governance space.The governance problem becomes more complex,the self-problem can find the other reasons,and the solution of selfproblem depends on the cooperation and communication between us.However,we need cooperation in the hegemony structure of injustice,and decentralized network information technology poses new challenges to the self-construction of public administration.Second,in the localization national condition,our country public administration alterity construction also has the self-construction and the other construction dual question.For example,the ambiguity of identity and lack of realistic dimension in self-construction,the relationship between the other and the environment,politics and society,the imbalance and inadequacy of publicity,and the other-centered international cooperation.For the alterity construction of China’s public administration,which is in the contemporary common international environment and the unique situation of China,we need to learn from the global common experience and find solutions to the unique problems of China.The indigenization and internationalization of public administration in China are neither high nor low,nor antagonistic,China’s public administration needs to scientifically absorb the value of public administration alterity.