On The Evolution Logic And Its Inspirations Of Western Administrative Value In The 20th Century

The history of western administrative values of the 20th century can be divided into three stages, namely the traditional public administration period (From early 20th century to late 1960s), which considers the efficiency as the most important value; the new public administration period (From late 1960s to the late 1970s); which considers fairness as the most important value; the new public management period (From early 1980s to now); which is called the pluralism value stage. At all historical stages, efficiency, fairness, and the value of pluralism are manifested both in the theoretical study and the practical activities.The 20th century's value evolution in western countries has its own momentum. Seeing from the theoretical study, the centralization of efficiency is mainly due to the scientificlism and behavioralism of the academic area, but also closely related to the original location of administration; seeing from the practice, the centralization of efficiency related to the industrialization of that time; related to the power separation of the political system; related to the practice of getting rid of the political parties"Spoils System". In the late 1960s, the value of efficiency turned into fairness, seeing from the theoretical research, it is related to the"Post-Behavioralism"of political science and management science, and it also related to people's reflection on the technicalism's defects; seeing from practice, it is related to the reflection about the negative impact brought about by the centralization of efficiency, which related to the incentives of political scandals. In the 1980s, the values of pluralism began its journey, seeing from the theoretical research, it is an inevitable result of the deepening of the theory research, and it is also affected by the post-modern's deconstruction thoughts. Seeing from the practice, the values of pluralism related to the differentiation of social values, and also closely related to the"Information Social"background.The evolution of the 20th century's western administration value has its own inherent characteristics, laws and trends. The consistent emphasis on efficiency, the performance as "the core and the edge" type of structure of value, the tendency to consider tool as value, are the characteristics of the evolution process; changing with the social circumstance, to renounce and development, to highlight the human value, are the laws of the evolution process. The coexistence of pluralism and unity, the reconciliation between the different values, changing from the centralization of the western values to international exchanges and integration, are the basic orientations of the western value's evolution.The evolution of the 20th century's administrative value in western countries has its inspirations both on China's theoretical study on administrative value and the practice of value system's construction. From the perspective of theoretical research, it inspired us to focus on the values'historic and systematic characteristics, to establish a dialectical and systematic way of thinking, to combine the scientific methods and the humanity methods. From the practice of value construction, it inspired us to adjust the way and content according to the administration ecology, it inspired us to attach more importance to the values'dynamic and forward tendency, and it inspired us to attach equal importance to the construction of core values and construction of the subordination value.