Research On The Improvement Of The Civil Servants' Rule Of Awareness Under The Background Of Advancing The Law-based Governance Of China

The rule of law is the basic strategy of the communist party of China to govern the country.It is also the objective demand of the country's economic development and social stability.We should build a country,government,and society based on advancing the law-based governance of China.We should promote the law-based governance of China by promoting scientific legislation,strictly enforcing the law,fairing justice and abiding the law.Public Administration is constituted by “Public” “Administration” “The rule of law”.“Administration” is logical starting point of modern public administration.Highlighting public service function is its core task.Therefore,the rule of law is the way to implement and guarantee.The humanist principle is the basic principle of the Public Administration,and it is the process of management practice to adhere to the people-oriented,emphasizing the subjective initiative and creativity of civil servants.The rule of law awareness of civil servants directly determines the national construction's level of rule of law,which is the key point and difficulty of the rule of law's construction.At present,China has made a lot of achievements in building the rule of law,but there is still a long way to achieve the goal of comprehensively governing the country by law.The civil servant's rule of law awareness belongs to the internal power of the rule of law construction,and the study of its cultivation is an important content of the rule of law strategy.It is also the national governance system and governance capacity of the inherent requirements of modernization,and has a very important academic value and practical significance.On the basis of the collecting data,combing with the opinions of experts from interviews,this study defines the concepts of civil servants ' legal literacy,it also fully reviews relevant research literature by taking the core research issues as a starting point.This study considers that civil servants' legal literacy referring to their stable internal psychological state and basic quality of cognition and awareness to the rule of law by learning and experiencing,as well as the practical ability to analyze and solve problems by using the legal thinking and method of the rule of law.Based on the model of "knowledge,trust and action" and the results of interviews,this study considers that the rule of law literacy is a progressive structure and an integrated model consists of cognition,awareness and practical ability.From this three dimensions,it preliminarily explores the evaluation criteria of the rule of law literacy of civil servants.In order to master the current situation of civil servants' civil literacy,this study starts from the three dimensions of civil servants' legal literacy by conducting questionaries and interviewing.Based on its results,this study concludes that most civil servants have basic knowledge of the rule of law,but their knowledge is fragmentary and they have not formed a complete knowledge system yet.Some civil servants,however,do not fully master connotation and value of the rule of law and do not understand it deeply.On the level of legal sense,most of them recognize the importance of the rule of law,but confusing the concept of“power”“duty”and lacking of the concept of “the supremacy of the law”.Part of them,on the other hand,do not have a right attitude and can not treat the supervision of the public and public opinion correctly.On the level of practical ability,most civil servants can not predict the legal result of their own behavior accurately.They are lack of ability to exercise power according to the law.They can not use the theory to guide their practical work either.Based on analyzing the results of questionnaires and interviews,combing with the typical cases from reality and official data published by The CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection as well as The State Committee of Supervisory of the People's Republic of China,this study thoroughly analyzes the existing problems of civil servants ' legal literacy from the three dimension of cognition,consciousness and practical ability.It concludes that civil servants are lacking of the basic knowledge of law.They also have problems of the thought of the“official ranking standard”,lacking of “legal first” concept and the ability to obey and protect the law.This study uses qualitative and quantitative method,combing with the existing real problems of civil servants ' legal literacy,to analyze the influencing factors of the legal literacy of civil servants.It concludes that subject,education,system and society are four main influencing factors.From the four perspectives,this study systematically explores the cause of problems.This study considers that,on the perspective of the subject,causing problems for the strong traditional family concept,the serious thoughts of privilege as well as the deep-rooted thoughts of rule of human.On the perspective of education,lacking of self-education,family education and school education as well as incompletely building legal education system,are reasons.On the perspective of system,reasons include that imperfect evaluation mechanism of the rule of law,lacking of pertinence and effectiveness of the rule of law training mechanism,imperfect supervision mechanism of daily behaviors.On the society perspective,reasons include the values' chaos during the period of social transformation as well as the impact of market's economy.Based on the actual situation of China,this study explores the way to improve the legal literacy of civil servants by relying on target management and performance evaluation.This study compares the causes of the problems in legal literacy of civil servants and their influencing factors,coming up with the following suggestions.On the subject level,this study suggests that civil servants should strengthen their knowledge of the rule of law,strengthen their cognition of the rule of law in practicing,improve their education of moral characters,establish role model and establish performance objective evaluation system of civil servants' legal literacy.On the education level,it suggested to add new contents of the rule of law,strengthen moral character education,establish role model,set up performance objective evaluation system of civil servants' legal literacy.On the system level,it suggested to strengthen the legal literacy consideration in the selection of civil servants,to establish and improve the daily assessment mechanism of the legal literacy of civil servants,to improve the supervision mechanism,and to optimize the institutional environment.On the society level,it suggested to develop and improve the socialist market economic system,to create a good law-abiding atmosphere,to build a legal coverage from reality to the Internet,and to consolidate the support of social organizations for the cultivation of civil servants' legal literacy.Summarizing the research results,this study concludes four perspectives.Firstly,on the basis of the existing research results,it systematically elaborates the relevant concepts of legal quality,and puts the research on the legal quality of civil servants in the grand background of advancing the law-based governance of China to understand and analyze.It also provides a new perspective for research.Secondly,this study uses the interview,questionnaire,empirical analysis to analyze the current situation and existing problems of the civil servants' legal awareness in our country logically and systematically.Thirdly,through the methods of objective management and performance evaluation,this study explores the establishment of teaching objectives and evaluation system of training performance objectives for civil servants,so as to provide reference for improving the scientific and effective of civil servants' training.Last but not least,from the actual national conditions,combing experts' suggestions,this study preliminarily explores the evaluation standard of the legal quality trying to improve the legal quality of civil servants through detailed analysis.