Theory Of Happiness Moral Education

Happiness makes people strive for it,and people are always pursuing it in their whole lives.Perceptual theory of happiness views pleasure as happiness,and believes that happiness lies in the contentment of desire and the feelings of pleasure.Rational theory of happiness focuses on the relation between happiness and morality,and advocates that happiness is the complete development of morality.Both views are one-sided and profound.Perceptual theory of happiness is based on the empiricism that"pleasure is happiness",which is easily accepted by ordinary people,but it's bound to be questioned to illuminate happiness with empirical things.Happiness can result in pleasant emotional reactions,but pleasure doesn't equal to happiness.Blindly pursuing pleasure can make people become materialistic and hedonistic.Rational theory of happiness presupposes happiness in moral perfection,and reflects logic tension,but the result tends to be that there are few pursuers and achievers.If people can't achieve happiness in this world,they will expect to obtain it in the other world,which gives happiness an illusive appearance.The two theories of happiness hold different opinions about happiness,both of which think that they have found the essence of happiness.The successors often blame their opponents' ideas from their own stances,which reflects their own constraints.The complete understanding of happiness is based on the criticism and inheritance of the two theories.Happiness is a pleasant emotional feeling generated by the satisfaction of physical and spiritual needs.It contains positive emotional reaction on the sensory level,and also the value judgment on the psychological and cognitive level.Happiness is a unity of material and spirit.Material happiness is fundamental while spiritual happiness is supreme.Human beings exist spiritually because their pursuit of spiritual happiness not only makes them obtain the foundation of their material lives and meanwhile determines the eternal value of their existence.Happiness is the purpose of life and the ultimate aim of people's behaviors and activities in their whole lives.The pursuit of happiness is the instinctive reaction of people's natural property to tend to benefit and pleasure and avoid harm and sufferings,and is also the spiritual demand of people's social property to pursue good and repel evil as mankind.The way to achieve happiness involves knowledge,ability,morality and fortune,of which morality is the most important.Happiness is based on "the communion of morality and rewards",which means morality is concerned with material happiness;happiness is derived from "consistency between morality and happiness",which means morality is concerned with spiritual happiness.Morality is the core competence to create happiness.The purpose and method of happiness reveal that moral education is closely related to happiness and in complete harmony with life.In the current situation,by contrast,the aim of moral education presupposes and adheres to the theoretical brand of social standard.Moral education cultivates and moulds people according to social needs,emphasizes ethics infusion and moral discipline and replaces individual benefit with social benefit without humanistic concern about people,the subject of education,deviating further from happiness.In school moral education practice,the long term inundation of knowledge and scores oriented moral education makes students reduced to knowledge tools and test machines,splits the connection between moral education and life,exchange future life at the expense of sacrificing the current life,bringing up the practical difficulty of moral education and running counter to happiness.Moral education,as a special lifestyle,is an education activity to cultivate people's moral traits and improve their spiritual realm.Therefore,moral education needs more to be concerned with others' happiness but should not deviate from this ultimate value of happiness.Happiness is not only the obligatory value pursuit but also the actual life regression of moral education.The purpose of moral education is a mutli-dimentional and multi-level system,and happiness,as the purpose of moral education,is characterized by ultimacy and governance.Happiness doesn't deny the existence of other purposes and various specific purposes of it,but it governs their value pursuit.In other words,the other purposes and the various specific purposes involved must conform to happiness,the ultimate value and their presupposition must be placed under the perspective of happiness.Moral education pursues happiness through two paths:one is to take happiness as the purpose and content to be taught and learned,so that "moral education of happiness"is to teach happiness and learn happiness,which means education of happiness;the other is to take happiness as teacher and students' emotional experience in the course of moral education,and take moral education as a happy thing,so that "moral education of happiness" is "teaching happily and learning happily".From the perspective of theoretical construction,these two paths are unified because happiness is the ultimate purpose and meanwhile it also runs through the whole moral education.Moral education itself entails many elements of happiness like reason and goodness and education is life but not the preparation of life,so the process in which moral education pursues happiness is also a process in which moral education motivates the elements and vitality of happiness.Inherent melting of purpose and process is an ideal carried by morall education of happiness and an attempt expressed by it.In a broad sense,the moral education that pursues the unity of the purpose and process of happiness is moral education of happiness;to be specific,moral education of happiness is purpose oriented,which is an activity to cultivate students' competence of happiness,promote their moral growth,witness students' happy learning and guide them to construct a happy life.The impact of moral education on happiness is led by the value of what kind of happy life to live.This happy life is spiritual life which is based on but surpasses material life,and a possible life which faces but surpasses the real life.Every individual life wants to realize their own happiness,but they can not always acquire it,so on balance happiness is to be obtained through abilities,and it's a key task of moral education of happiness to cultivate people's happiness ability.The education of happiness based on the consistency between morality and happiness,positive emotional experience,moral accomplishment promotion can improve students' cognition,feelings and abilities to create happiness.Moral education of happiness not only lays a foundation for students' future happiness,but also benefits them at the present.Moral education can't become a happy business unless it is filled with happiness itself,and makes people feel happiness indeed in the course of moral education.A caring style of teacher-students relationship,life oriented moral education content,experiential learning model,multiple positive evaluation make moral education activities filled with elements of happiness,and then facilitate students' happy growth.The process in which people's moral sense is formed is also the process in which people's happiness is formed,and the process of moral education is also the process in which students learn happily.Therefore,students are both experiencers and also shares of happiness.The theoretical research and the practical exploration of moral education of happiness are moving forward interactively.Since "the Twelfth Five-year Plan",the Sixth Primary School of W City has been exploring actively the model of moral education of happiness,attempting to make students enjoy the happiness of education.This school persists in the core ideology of "care golden childhood and found happy life",constructs a concentric circle practical system of moral education of happiness,and creates,transmits and watches happiness with loving hearts and true feelings to elevate students' sense of happiness in students' moral development.The practical exploration of this school testifies the feasibility of moral education of happiness on the practical level and improves the deep integration of theory and practice.Moral education of happiness leads people to construct a happy life,fosters people's happiness ability and facilitates development of happiness?It follows the principle of life---happiness---morality---education.It eliminates the hindrance of traditional moral education to happiness,dissolve the practical problem of unsatisfactory effect of moral education,and corresponds to the requirement of the development of moral education in contemporary era.In the course of recognizing,experiencing and creating happiness,people constantly perfect themselves and surpass themselves.The path to the pursuit of happiness is also the path to the practice of morality,and the purpose of realizing a happy life is also realizing the value of being a man and whom to be.Therefore,life can have supreme meaning and moral education of happiness can have supreme meaning.