Research On Citizenship Education Of Multiculturalism

Cultural diversity is an objective phenomenon of society,which plays an important role in the survival and development of groups.From an anthropological point of view,a culture contains any characteristics of the group's lifestyle.Multiculturalism is not only a social phenomenon,but also an ideological theory,which has developed into a social practice.The emergence of Multiculturalism echoes the specific social needs and background of western countries.The social background of Multiculturalism mainly includes Civil Rights Movement,Affirmative Action Plan,National Liberation Movement and World Immigration Tide.These factors make Multiculturalism needed by the majority of minority groups,and make Multiculturalism reflect the voices of minority groups.The main values and ideals of Multiculturalism include justice,equality,difference and tolerance,which are of great significance for promoting fairness and justice among groups and maintaining the stability and development of multi-ethnic countries.Multicultural Citizenship promotes the social integration of socio-economic and cultural minorities.Multicultural Citizenship is not only applicable to expanding the rights and participation of racial and ethnic minorities,but also to various types of social minorities,such as women,disabled people,gays and lesbians,irregular workers and the unemployed.Multiculturalism Citizenship has both national identity and group cultural identity.It not only has the universal rights of citizens,but also obtains the all-round development of minority rights;It not only fulfills the obligation of openly admitting cultural differences,paying attention to cultural rhetoric and listening to different ethnic groups,but also has the civic virtue of public reason,justice,tolerance and unity and the ability to actively participate in public affairs.The implementation of Multicultural Citizenship Education is mainly through curriculum design,innovation of teaching methods and construction of school atmosphere.Curriculum design reflects students' cultural learning style and characteristics,improves students' self-awareness,helps students to understand the relationship between mainstream group culture and minority culture as a whole,guides students to accurately analyze the frequent conflicts of ideas and social reality,and embodies the principle of comprehensiveness.Curriculum Construction mainly adopts the integration methods such as contribution method,ethnic attachment method,transformation method,decision-making and social action method.The Knowledge Construction Methods of Curriculum includes increasing knowledge and strengthening,trying to reconstruct guidelines,revising school knowledge and leading guidelines,and redesigning leading guidelines and mainstream culture.The innovation of teaching methods of Multicultural Citizenship Education includes Culture Response Teaching,Service Learning Teaching,Bilingual Teaching and Dialogue Teaching.The construction of school atmosphere of Multicultural Citizenship Education includes creating a culture of educating people with democracy,equality,tolerance of differences and unity and friendship.Multicultural Citizenship Education teachers are influential actors in schools,because they put the formal curriculum and teaching vision of schools into practice.The effective implementation of Multicultural Citizenship Education depends on teachers,who need to have corresponding beliefs and qualities to help students analyze the way of knowledge construction and existing group relations.Qualified Multicultural Citizenship Education teachers mainly come from local teachers and non-local teachers,but the most important thing is to have a local cultural perspective.Only in this way can teachers convey different cultures and help students participate in public life effectively.The criticism of Multicultural Citizenship Education focuses on the fear that Multicultural Citizenship Education emphasizes differences and opposes unity,leading to the division of the country;Worried that Multicultural Citizenship Education will easily lead to social exclusion and hinder social integration;Worried that Multicultural Citizenship Education emphasizes the particularity of minority culture,which will destroy the free value and democratic system.In response to criticism,scholars in the field of Multiculturalism have responded positively.The concrete argument can be summarized as follows:Multicultural Citizenship Education follows the principle of social justice and can promote social substantive equality;Multicultural Citizenship Education is based on national identity and will not affect national unity;The differences advocated by Multicultural Citizenship Education have boundary mobility,and will not cause social exclusion.Therefore,the values of Multicultural Citizenship Education are mainly reflected in recognizing differences,creating democracy and promoting integration.Through a critical comparative study,Multicultural Citizenship Education has certain reference significance for Ideological and Political Education in China.Ideological and Political Education should vigorously carry forward the spirit of patriotism and promote the education of national unity,adhere to the unity of dominant culture and respect for cultural diversity,and the unity of inculcation and inspiration of education,so as to enhance teachers' awareness of cultural differences.