| Income inequality has been the one of the long-standing and universally concerned issues worldwide,and the income gap in Chin has also shown a high trend overall.Since the 1980 s,market reforms in China and economic restructuring have led to rapid development and gradually entered the stage of high-quality economic growth.The main social contradictions have been transformed as well as the importance of regional income imbalances has become more prominent.As an income of labor factor,wages have always been the main component of the disposable income of the residents in China.Meanwhile the regional wage gap is related to the current main contradictions exist in China,which is about the "imbalance" problem.This is also related to the realization of the long-term goal of "commonly prosperity for all people".The Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly stated that it is necessary to "increase the labor payment in tandem with increases in labor productivity";In the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19 th Central Committee further proposed that by 2035,"the common prosperity for everyone should achieve more obvious substantive change."The current new round of scientific and technological revolution has continuously strengthened the breadth and depth of the application of technological change in production and life.However,the technological change has shown different characteristics of bias in the development and application process.The overall technological change of China is trending towards capital and skills then affects the income distribution: The capital bias of technological change causes the factor income of capital to be higher than the factor income of labor;the skill bias of technological change causes the wage income of high-skilled labor to be higher than that of the low-skilled labor.Capital-skill complementarity can strengthen the influence of technological change bias on wage gap.The difference of the spatial distribution of wage income levels causes inter-regional mobility of labor finally forms skill clusters,which further affect the regional wage gap.The connotation of high-quality development means more extensive technological innovations and applications,which needs to be matched with a reasonable labor factor supply structure and income structure.Wage is an important determinant of labor factor allocation efficiency and labor income level.In this context,combined with the characteristics of technological change bias,it is of great significance to deeply analyze the status,trends and root of the regional wage gap,and put forward some policy proposals for improving the efficiency of resource allocation,improving the pattern of income distribution and promoting regional balanced development in the process of technological change with a moderate wage gap.This paper analyzes the impact of technological change on regional wage gap from the perspectives of two kinds of technological change bias:1.Factor bias of technological change(capital/labor)? factor substitution and factor enhancement ? wage gap.2.Skill bias of technological change(high skill/low skill)? skill premium ? wage gap.The technological change of China has the characteristics of "capital bias + high skill bias",and in the process of influencing the wage gap,there are capital-skill complementarity and skill agglomeration effect in the process of labor mobility,which further strengthen the influence of technological change bias on the regional wage gap.The contents of this paper mainly include:Firstly,in the part of basic theoretical analysis,based on the characteristic fact that the technological change in China is biased towards both capital and skill,the theoretical models for skill premium formation,capital-skill complementarity and skill agglomeration are constructed,and the mechanism of the effect of technological change bias on the wage gap is analyzed.Based on the macro data of 30 provinces from 2000 to2018,the technological change bias is measured from the perspective of factors,which is represented by the technological change bias index(TD).Secondly,in the part of status analysis on the regional wage gap,by the average wage,the Gini coefficient,variation coefficient,and other indicators,from different dimensions: prefecture-level cities,provinces,east-central-west regions,north-south regions,the regional wage gap was measured,compared and divergence analyzed.The results demonstrated that the regional wage gap in China is divergent.Among them,the long-existing east-west wage gap has slowed down slightly,but it is still the main source of the wage gap in China.The north-south wage gap is a new feature of regional wage gap in China,which began to appear in 2012 and grew rapidly,among which the average wage gap of non-private units is the most prominent.The empirical analysis is divided into two parts: First,based on the new economic geography theory,the spatial econometric models(SLM,SEM)are used to empirically analyze the impact of skill agglomeration on regional wage gap,and which verified the theory that technological change skill bias affects regional wage gap;Secondly,a panel data model and a threshold regression model were constructed.The panel data of the provincial level from 2000 to 2018 were selected,and the technological change bias index(TD)calculated in this paper was taken as the explanatory variable.The model fitting results verified the theory that the technological change factor bias affects the regional wage gap.On this basis,taking the level of capital per employee as the threshold variable and using the dual threshold model,the paper further empirically analyzes the threshold effect of technological change bias on the regional wage gap,and finds that this process has the "U" shaped characteristic.Finally,according to the results of theoretical and empirical analysis,suggestions are made to improve the skill level and wage income of workers as well as to match the requirements of technological change with moderate regional wage differences,and to promote a balanced development: Improve the market determination mechanism of wages and build a fair primary distribution system;Reshape the economic geography pattern,to promote regional coordination and the two-way flow between regions;Promote the supply-side reform of education and training,and improve the supply structure of skilled personnel;Promote the upgrading of the industrial structure under the dual-cycle system,then develope skill-intensive industries in a rational way;Make full use of the advantages of the new economy and new business forms to promote high-quality employment and wage growth.The main contributions of this paper are as follows:First,the author combines the technology change bias with the regional wage gap,and realizes innovation in the research contents;Second,the paper studies the influence of the capital bias in technological change on regional wage gap under the different levels of capital stock per capita of employment personnel,and realizes innovation from the perspective of research;Third,add the investigation of the north and south regions into the analysis of the regional wage gap,and realizes innovation in the research dimension. |
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