| Under the Chinese characteristic socialist road’s direction, in Deng Xiaoping’s guidance "allows part of people to get rich first", our country’s comprehensive national strength strengthens unceasingly and our country residents’living standard enhance unceasingly. However, under this background, the wealth disparity in our country is also getting bigger and bigger. On the one hand, the crowd income which gets rich first continues to increase; on the other hand, the people that have low living standard continue to drop. Therefore, in very long period of time, the wealth disparity in our country and the income disparity have become the focal point which the people discuss. How to pursue efficiency’s foundation without affecting society’s fair question now becomes the key point which we study.In economic development process, we often have the view that along with the economical development, there will definitely have certain economic gap. And then, when the rate of economic development speeds up till the time when the economic level develops to a certain extent, the disparity will reduce gradually. The above is also what we call "Kuznets Law". Will our country’s economic development obey this law? At present, the wealth disparity does enlarge gradually along with the economical development. But we don’t know if it will reduce in future.What degree has our country’s economic development arrived at present and what degree has it influence the lives of our people?In the former literatures, the majority scholars mainly discussed our country’s income disparity because it can explain most of the wealth disparity of our country and it’s easier to collect data for statistics. At the same time, the different scholars have carried on the analysis to our country’s income disparity from the different angle of view in which they pay more emphasis on the relationship between income disparity and economic growth. However, there is relatively few analysis regarding other impacts. Therefore, this thesis attempts to differentiate the income disparity and wealth disparity based on predecessor’s research results, through which we get the conclusion that the wealth disparity, which takes more on sociality, includes the income disparity. At the same time, this thesis summarizes different types of disparity and carries on the actual comparison separately. Moreover, we mainly inspected the influence that the wealth disparity put on the economic development. We believed that in the present stage, we should not only consider economic growth question, but also pay more attention to our country’s sustainable development. Therefore, according to economic development’s definition, we examine the wealth disparity and economic growth relations, the wealth disparity and technology advancement relations as well as the wealth disparity and economic growth quality relations successively through the practical analysis.Through the research, the thesis mainly attempts to solve the following problems: Firstly, we must summarize the present situation of the wealth disparity in China in order to determine the influence level in is on the residents in our country. If it has certain influences, what aspects does it display? Moreover, is the influence positive or negative? Furthermore, if it is the negative influence, what affect the wealth disparity and how can we reduce the disparity?In order to solve the above problems, we summarize the present situation of the wealth disparity. We find that its main performance is the urban-rural disparity, i.e., The urban-rural disparity can explain most of our country’s wealth disparity. Based on the above, we first use the Hu Zuguang’s simple Gini coefficient computation method to calculate the Gini coefficients since 1978. Simultaneously, we calculate the Theil index of every province of our country between the years 1995-2007. Then we use the data separately test the relationships between the wealth disparity and the economic growth, the technology progress and the economic growth quality. We also analyze the factors that affect the wealth disparity. Finally, we mainly draw the following conclusion:1. The wealth disparity in our country is already serious and begins to affect our country’s economic development. Firstly, it has been a positive influence on our country’s economic growth. But now this influence is becoming less and less. Secondly, we discovered that the wealth disparity has a negative effect on the economic structure. The wealth disparity will not favor technical progress and the innovation. Finally, the bigger wealth disparity becomes, the more extensive our country’s economic growth pattern tends. That is, the wealth disparity has the hindrance function to the economic growth pattern transformation from the extension to the intensive direction. Therefore, looked from the whole, the wealth disparity has affected our country economic development to a high efficiency mode. It is disadvantageous to our country’s economic development.Besides to economy influence, the wealth disparity has caused some social questions. If it expands continually, it possibly strengthens the opposition between the low income social stratum and the high income social stratum. More importantly, it will form one psychology of "enmity to the rich" in the society. In addition that corruption becomes an important factor that influence the wealth disparity, the residents will reduces the confidence level to the party and government. Once this kind of situation develops, it possibly will initiate certain society to be contradictory, which will hinder society’s steady progression.2. Through the examination of influencing factors of the wealth disparity, we discover that the economy growth expanded the wealth disparity. At the same time, the government intervention as well as the infrastructure disbursement degree the government displays also increased the wealth disparity. However, economic structure’s adjustment and the urbanized degree’s enhancement have certain function to reduce our country’s wealth disparity. Moreover, economical instability, such as economic crisis’s appearance expands the influence to the wealth disparity. Our country’s policy to enhance the farmers’income played certain role in the countryside. But, compared with the cities’high speed level of development and it higher basis, rural economy’s development is possibly more slowly than our cities’economy development, that is, the economic policy with the purpose of enhancing the farmers’ income did not put an effective influence to reduce the wealth disparity.This innovation of the thesis mainly displays in the following aspects: 1. The thesis comprehensively concludes the present situation of the wealth disparity in China. And then we carry on the empirical analysis and the explanation regarding that. This article used the data to analyze the wealth disparity from area, urban-rural and profession disparity from different aspects. At last we find the primary cause of the wealth disparity in China is the urban-rural gap.2. The thesis calculates the Gini coefficient from 1978 to 2008 through Hu Zuguang’s method and examines the relations between the wealth disparity and our country’s economic growth with the above result. At the same time, the thesis calculates the Theil index of different provinces in our country from 1995 to 2007. On the base of the board data, the thesis separately tests the relations between the wealth disparity and technical progress as well as the economic growth quality. Thus, we intercept our country economic development separately into three aspects:The economic growth, the economic structure and the economic growth quality. Then we carried on the examination separately through the board analysis with the quite recent data, thus we comprehensively summarize the affect that the wealth disparity put on the economic development.3. Through the practical test, we discover that the wealth disparity has not presented the inhibitory action to our country economic growth. On the contrary, since Chinese economic reform, the wealth disparity in our country has played a positive part in economic growth and this kind of promoter action has strengthened gradually since the reform. But from the last century’s beginning, the tendency of this beneficial affect weakened gradually. This indicated that the wealth disparity question divides into the economic and the social aspects to the economic growth. The wealth disparity has displayed in the economic way as an economical promoter action. But, from the social question, this disparity displays a negative effect to the people, which has weakened the enthusiasm of social production, and then affected the economic affect. Moreover, the influence of the wealth disparity in our country to the technology advancement and the economic growth quality is negative in the whole, but, looking from our country interior, it is that along with the increase of the wealth disparity, rate of technology advancement and the improvement degree of economic growth pattern are enhanced. The above already has conformed to the rule that the marginal utility diminishes progressively, but it also explains that our country developed area’s technology advancement and the economic growth quality’s enhancement do not have the synchronization in the economic quantity enhancement. The relatively developed local more depends on factor inputs, not technical research and innovation for economic growth. |
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