Effects Of Brain Drain For Economic Growth And Technical Progress In China

Along with the deepening of the economic globalization,talent not only promoted the rapid development of knowledge economy,but also made the world enter the immigration boom;at the same time,the high-quality talent outflow in developing countries to the developed countries is increasingly highlighted.The problem of huge loss of talents has been plagued by developing countries because of more scarce human capital than before.According to the blue book of China international migration report(2014),the total scale of immigrants in China has already become the first big brain drain all over the world.Nowadays,students going abroad to get a higher education become an important form of brain drain According to the China Statistical Yearbook of 2014,the scale of china's overseas student significantly expanded and the average annual growth rate of the number of students study overseas is as high as 18.3%in the nearly fifteen years.The brain drain problem caused by a large number of talents of transnational migration attracted much attention of many aspects.What's more,the brain drain impacts on economic growth and technological progress have become the focus of attention from all walks of life.Talent transnational outflow also known as brain drain,not only changed a country or a region's level of human capital,but also had a profound impact on the economic development and the level of innovation.However,the systematic research on the transnational flow of talent and its importance was still relatively less in China.Basing on the literature review of the system,this paper discussed the role of transnational outflow of talents in the process of economic development.Taking China as the main object of study,this paper studied the effect of transnational outflow of talent system and technology progress to the economic growth through the combination of theoretical research and empirical research.And main contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)In the aspect of theory,from the angle of the heterogeneity of human capital,this paper used Li(2013)theoretical derivation method,introduced the brain drain into C-D production function,studied the relationship between the brain drain and outflow of countries' economic growth.The results show that moderate brain drain promoted the outflow of countries' economic growth,but the unlimited brain drain will weaken the outflow of countries' production capacity.(2)In the aspect of empirical,firstly,this paper used Chinese provincial panel data from 1997 to 2011 to construct brain drain index.This paper used dynamic semi-parametric panel of spatial lag model to empirical research the nonlinear relationship between the brain drain and economic growth in China.And the empirical results conform to the expectations theory.Our country do exist the optimal level of brain drain in the process of economic development.What's more,most of the eastern coastal province's brain drain level is obviously too high which is different from inland provinces,which is not conducive to local economic growth.Then,the article also used semi-parametric panel of spatial lag model to do empirical research on the impact of the brain drain to technology innovation in China.The results show that the optimal level of brain drain is similar to economic growth in the process of innovation in China.Therefore,in examining the relationship between the brain drain and economic growth as well as technological progress,we also should take full consideration to the regional difference,which is conducive to making migration policy differently between coastal and inland.What's more,it is of great significance to reasonably guide multinational talent flow to promote economic growth and technological progress in our country.