Comparative Study On The International Competitiveness Of Rail Passenger Car Manufacturing Industry Between China And Main Foreign Countries

Due to the problems of rising oil prices, the global climate change and urban traffic congestion, rail transport received wide attention around the world because of its advantages of energy-saving and environmental protection, conservation of land resources and rapid, punctual characteristics. In China, with the rapid economic and social development, the demand for rail transportation is increasing. Development of rail transportation around the world expands the market for rail passenger car industry, but also intensifies the competition in the international passenger rail industry market. Currently, the rail passenger market in developed countries have basically saturated, as a result rail passenger car manufacturing companies in Germany, Japan, France, Canada and other countries are actively exploring developing markets. China, as one of the world’s largest rail transport market, is becoming the competing objects of developed rail passenger manufacturers. In addition, with China railway vehicles exports and increasing foreign investment, the Chinese rail passenger industry is also facing fierce international competition.Therefore, the study of Chinese rail passenger industry international competitiveness is imperative.Under the guidance of competitive advantage theory, this paper analyzes the global passenger rail industry development and competition, and uses composite index evaluation method and principal component analysis to evaluate the rail passenger international competitiveness of the five major countries of China, Canada, France, Germany and Japan. By comparative analysis this paper finds that Chinese rail passenger industry has relatively strong international competitiveness in fundamental factors of production, the scale of demand and government factors, while is less competitive in higher production factors, related industries factors, market competition and corporate strategies. According to the conclusions, this paper proposed strategies from both macro and micro aspects for China to enhance the international competitiveness of rail passenger industry, specifically including the reform of the management system of passenger rail industry, adjust relevant policies in rail passenger car industry and improve the international competitiveness of the main rail passenger industry.The full text is divided into the following five chapters:The first chapter introduces the reality and theoretical background of the topic, reviews the origin, progress, status, the main problems and the future direction of development of industrial international competitiveness research and clarifies the research ideas, research content, research methods and structural arrangements.The second chapter defines the concept of industrial international competitiveness, combs the basic theories of industrial international competitiveness, including the traditional trade theory and new trade theory, reviews the commonly used methods for evaluating the industrial international competitiveness, including import and export data evaluation method, profit evaluation method and multiple factor comprehensive evaluation method.The third chapter analyzes the development and competition trend in global rail passenger industry, including the development history and current situation of the global passenger rail industry, the development and competition situation of Chinese rail passenger industry and the rail passenger industries in countries of Canada, France, Germany and Japan.The fourth chapter evaluates the international competitiveness of rail passenger industry in five typical nations:China, Canada, France, Germany and Japan. Firstly, this paper establishes index system that evaluates the international competitiveness of rail passenger industry, which includes the basic principles, the selection of indicators and their descriptions. Then, this paper, uses the combination of comprehensive index evaluation method and principal component analysis method to quantitatively evaluate the international competitiveness of the rail passenger industry in the five typical nations and to get all kinds of index evaluation values of each country and the overall evaluation value. Finally, this paper compares the international competitiveness of rail passenger industry among countries and searches of major problems that exist in China rail passenger car industry.The fifth chapter presents the measures to enhance the international competitiveness of rail passenger industry in China, including a market-oriented reform of China’s railway passenger car industry, the relevant policy adjustments and the promotion strategies in international competitiveness of major rail passenger car manufacturing companies.