| The research of tourism flow is the core issue in the field of tourism geography,the development of micro-scale flow of tourists has become an increasingly important factor affecting the spatial structure in urban internal changes.Traffic accessibility is a prerequisite for the flow of tourists,and it is also an important feature of the attraction,which is related to the change in the quality of the location of the attraction.However,there are differences in the relationship between accessibility and tourism flow.Some scholars believe that the relationship between accessibility and tourism flow varies depending on the spatial scale of the study,and many studies have shown that the choice of transportation methods at the city scale has an important impact on tourist travel and its spatial flow.At the same time,the availability of tourism time greatly affects the distribution and order of tourists' spatial flow.Based on this,this study takes the popular tourist city of Xi'an as the research area,comprehensively uses Baidu travel real-time data,online travel guide data and questionnaire survey data,and uses social network analysis,statistical analysis,GIS spatial analysis and other methods to analyze different travel time constraints.Based on the structural characteristics of the tourist flow network under the conditions,It deeply demonstrates the path and mechanism of the impact of different modes of transportation's accessibility and perceived accessibility on the spatial flow of tourists in different travel time types.The main conclusions of this research are:(1)There is a mismatch in the number,grade,and spatial pattern of tourism attractions attracted by foreign tourists from Xi'an and government-oriented A-level tourism resources.The number of tourists visiting is larger than the number of A-level attractions,and there are only 24 overlapping attractions.The actual distribution of tourists' visits is more concentrated than the distribution of A-level attractions,which is mainly reflected in the four urban areas of Yanta,Lianhu,Xincheng and Beilin.The car accessibility of tourists visiting attractions shows a significant space-time compression effect.The accessibility of 78.26%car in attractions is within 51.11 minutes,and the bus accessibility of all attractions exceeds this time range.The accessibility of bus,bus/metro and car in attractions all present a core-periphery spatial structure.(2)The hierarchical structure of tourist attractions in Xi'an has significant differences in hierarchical scale,and consists of 6 core nodes,7 important nodes,5 general nodes,7 disadvantaged nodes,and 44 edge nodes.The spatial flow structure of tourist attractions shows significant temporal heterogeneity in terms of travel frequency,travel scale,and travel range.The hierarchical structure of tourist nodes and paths of different types of travel time shows differences.As the travel time increases,the hierarchical structure of the tourist nodes shows a stable and significant"win-win"correlation feature with high-level scenic spots as hubs.The spatial flow paths of tourist attractions are increasing,and they are concentrated in the itinerary of the tourist group,but the cohesiveness of the agglomerate group of tourists choosing the combination of tourist attractions and routes is becoming less obvious.With the increase of travel time,the number of tourists site visited by torists increased from 43 to 69,the average number of visiting sites increased from 1.6 to 6.4,the flow direction increased from 139 to 900,and the traffic increased from 287 times to 6714 times.(3)The spatial flow of tourist attractions is jointly affected by the time constraints of tourist travel activities,the accessibility of different modes of transportation,the level of attractions,and their spatial distribution,in particular,the impact of accessibility to attractions is most significant.The path and extent of the impact of scenic spot accessibility on the spatial flow of tourists in different travel time types are different.As the travel time increases,the impact of scenic spot accessibility becomes more significant.Under the premise of high-intensity time constraints for one day trips,bus/metro times with high travel efficiency have the greatest impact;Under the broad time constraints of the two-day tour,the spatial flow of tourists is most affected by the regular bus time;three-day tours and above are relatively the most abundant,and the spatial flow of tourists is simultaneously jointly affected by the bus/metro travel time and bus travel time.Compared with the bus mode,the impact of car travel time decreases as the travel time increases.(4)Through the analysis of perceptual reachability on a personal scale,it is found that tourists' perception of traffic accessibility among Xi'an attractions is generally good.The flow of tourists at different types of travel time,the typical popular paths of tourists,and the high-frequency attractions selected by tourists show a high correlation with the perceived accessibility levels of buses and taxis,the accessibility level of private cars is lower than that of buses and taxi.There is a positive correlation between the perceived level of bus accessibility and the travel time of tourists.The perceived level of bus accessibility increases with the increase of travel time,and the perception of the convenience of taxis is decreasing,which may be related to the choice of way of travel by tourists based on time constraints.In the bus travel mode,the perception of the convenience of taking the public transportation to the attractions is relatively high,the perception of the frequency of the bus service is high,the convenient perception of walking to bus station is general,the perception of short bus waiting times and the convenience of bus interchange is low.The research results are of great significance for clarifying the development mechanism of tourism destinations,enriching the theoretical research on urban tourism and transportation,and promoting the development of urban tourism and urban construction. |
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