Empowerment Perception And Bank Manager's Behaviors,Performance And Organizational Commitment

Empowered employees believe that their task are significant,they have considerable freedom in deciding how to command and control organization and they each handle a whole identifies piece of work.The empowerment comes from individual's perception by influencing the desired effects of working environment.It represents the degree to which an individual feels that his input into their organization's administrative or strategic decisions is up to th e level.In previous literature,a lot of management studies have been focused on the significant effect of different employee empowerment approaches and perspectives on their performance outcome behaviors and employee attitudes.Such highly desirable and valuable employee behaviors like task performance and attitudes such as turnover intention,satisfaction,absenteeism and organizational commitment determine the success of an organization.Not surprisingly,the field of organizational behavior has witnessed an increasing interest in understanding factors that promote employee performance outcomes.This behavioral performance outcome view is especially true for fast growing service sector of a country that heavily rely on their good behavioral employees to provide friendly and courteous customized services to their customers in such a dynamic and highly competitive environment.In 2018,services sector of Pakistan is performing well and contributing about 53%to country GDP.However,the banking sector of Pakistan,being a single larger shareholder in service sector GDP contributor,facing declining trend in organizational performance and especially employee performance.To solve declining bank employee performance and commitment problem,one of the most significant factors that have been researched less previously especially in banking sector is individual motivational perspective and a comprehensive and integrated model of empowerment.Therefore,the researcher discussed the motivational perspective of the three major approaches of empowerment in an integrated framework that have been examined in the past literature separately;structural,job design and psychological empowerment and their influence on employee performance behaviors and organizational commitment along with employee personality.Accordingly,the researcher main purpose has to build a theoretical framework based on linking employee empowerment perception derived from three empowerment sources,structural empowerment,job design empowerment and psychological empowerment as an integrated empowerment approach to performance outcome and organizational commitment of bank managers.Data was collected through survey questionnaires from 814 managers,who are all middle level managers of the four larger commercial banks,two from public sector and two from private sector,operating in Punjab province of Pakistan.First,findings from empirical results confirm that both perceived structural empowerment and perceived job design empowerment has strong positive impact on bank managers' performance(Task performance and contextual performance)and organizational commitment.Second,results from analysis indicate that perceived structural empowerment and perceived job design empowerment direct relationship with individual performance outcome is mediated by psychological empowerment.Third,in the chain mediation not only intrinsic motivation is the direct and significant outcome of psychological empowerment but intrinsic motivation as empowerment outcome mediates the relationship between perceived psychological empowerment and two major performance outcome and organizational commitment.Finally,important finding confirms that employees' extrovert personality moderates the relationship of perceived psychological empowerment significantly with both task performance and organizational commitment but insignificant moderation impact for contextual performance.These results illustrate that employee perceived empowerment from various sources has a strong influence on performance outcome behaviors in both ways directly and indirectly.Based on these findings,the researcher has provided theoretical and practical implications and future research directions by considering the limitations of this research.