| In the new era,under the background of the prominent social contradiction of unbalanced and inadequate development in China,the acceleration of the Belt and Road construction,the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind and the modernization of national governance,the strategic position of border areas in national security and development has gradually become prominent,and the regional functions have become more integrated.The security and development of China's frontier in the new era is the realistic basis for the study of frontier geography.How to understand the security,development and spatial governance of frontier geography from the perspective of geography is the frontier issue in the study of basic theories of frontier geography.At the same time,in today's world,natural disasters occur frequently,economic and social risks increase sharply,and the geographical environment is complex and changeable.How to deal with the impact and interference of internal and external uncertainties and crises,realize leapfrog development,and narrow the gap with the development of the inland is the core issue of frontier development.In recent years,historians,ethnologists,economists,political scientists and sociologists have played an important role in China's new boom of frontier studies,putting forward the construction of frontier discipline.Geographers,however,are mainly devoted to the study of the Belt and Road and geographical environment.There are few discussions on basic theoretical issues such as where is the frontier,what is the particularity of the frontier and what is the research of frontier geography.The weakness of basic theory of the discipline and the lack of distinctive characteristics of empirical research remains unsolved.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to strengthen the basic theoretical research,discipline construction and empirical case study of frontier geography.This study is mainly divided into two parts,the basic theoretical study of frontier geography and the case study of economic resilience in the borderland of southwest China.The first part is the basic theory of frontier geography.Firstly,following the Marxist theory innovation principle of the unification of logic and history,this paper extends the theory of frontier region system by applying the man-land relationship region system and its extension theory,and analyzes its theoretical connotation and characteristics.Secondly,it differentiates and analyzes the concept of frontier,and puts forward the concept of frontier by analogy with the basic geographical concepts such as centrality,locality and rurality,and explains its connotation,category and basic characteristics,as well as the logical relationship between frontier and economic resilience.The second part of the study of is the pattern of China's southwest frontier economic resilience.Firstly,the resistance index,the restoring force index and sensitivity modulus are applied to estimates the overall economic resilience,tourism economic resilience in frontier cities and counties in southwest China and economic resilience difference of frontier counties between China and Vietnam.Secondly,using geographical probe method to explore the influencing factors and their interaction in the formation of the differential pattern of economic resilience,this paper explains the formation mechanism of the economic resilience pattern in the frontier area of southwest China.On above basis,the paper puts forward the strategy and countermeasures of economic resilience development in the frontier area of southwest China under the framework of industry-region-system.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)Frontier area system consists of two regional system of frontier hinterland and border areas,its inner essence attribute and the premise is the frontierity,economic frontierity is the basic category.Frontierity is the intrinsic nature and existence basis of the border area system.Frontierity refers to the regional attributes of the regions adjacent to the national boundaries.In essence,it is the summation of the regional relations of the frontier,and the comprehensive reflection of the regional structure of the frontier and its regional relations with the inland and neighboring countries,including the three connotations of the locality of the frontier,the difference of the interior of the frontier,and the openness of the frontier to the outside world.Frontier geography research object is the frontier region system,including the frontier region organisms,mainland frontier-fusion,two-way frontier community,with a focus on the study of the frontier people system type,structure,function and evolution mechanism,research goal lies in the coordination of border areas to relationship,promote the frontier region organisms,mainland frontier-fusion,two-way frontier community such as the sustainable development of regional system.(2)The overall economic resilience of the southwest border area of China is strong,and the regional difference pattern of different spatial scales is significant.The resilience of the border area is stronger than that of the hinterland of the border area.The main influencing factors include the degree of opening to the outside world,industrial structure and government management ability.First economic cycle(1996-2007),the economy in the southwest frontier toughness overall performance for weak resistance to strong restoring force state,the resistance performance for the"weak" east west strong spatial pattern,and the economic performance of restoring force for the weak and strong central",the leading factor,fixed asset investment,the added value of the added value of primary industry,secondary industry,local fiscal revenue,social retail sales of consumer goods and foreign trade dependency.Second economic cycle(2007-2019)of the overall economic resilience in the southwest frontier in China a whole strong resistance to strong restoring force state,the resistance performance for the "east west weak" spatial pattern,the dominant factor is the total investment in fixed assets,foreign capital utilization,fiscal revenue and foreign trade dependency,and the economic resilience performance for "weak" east west strong,dominant factor is the added value of the second industry,foreign capital utilization level.(3)The resilience of the tourism economy in the southwest frontier of China is relatively strong on the whole,and there are obvious regional differences at different spatial scales.The interaction between the degree of opening to the outside world and the local tourism resources,labor market and fixed asset investment is the decisive factor.The resilience of Guangxi is generally stronger than that of Yunnan and border areas,and the impact of the crisis on the development of inbound tourism is more significant.Regional development foundation and government management ability have a greater impact on the differentiation pattern of tourism resilience in China's southwest border areas.Meanwhile,the interaction of the level of opening up and other factors significantly enhance the explanatory power.(4)The economic resilience of counties in the border regions of China and Vietnam is significantly different,and the terrain conditions have a great influence on the formation of the pattern.The overall distribution pattern of county economic resilience in China-Vietnam border area is "strong in the west and weak in the east",and the combined effects of topographic conditions and other factors have a great impact on the differentiation pattern.(5)The trade toughness of China-Vietnam border ports is weak,and the influence of geopolitics on port trade is not significant in the long-term dimension.The geographical relationship between China and Vietnam deteriorated significantly from 2011 to 2015.However,the volume of import and export freight at land ports in the border areas fluctuated strongly both in the improvement period and the deterioration period.The correlation coefficient between the index of China-Vietnam relationship and the volume of import and export freight or the growth rate of import and export freight did not pass the significance level test.lt shows that border trade is not significantly related to the trend of geopolitical changes between China and Vietnam.The shinning points of this paper are as follows:1)Putting forward the concepts of frontierity and frontier area system and constructing the basic theory and research framework of frontier geography.2)Finding the regional differentiation law of economic resilience in China's southwest frontier region and China-Vietnam frontier region,and exploring the mechanism of action of industrial structure,government management ability and capital support ability on the differences of economic resilience3)Discovering that there is no significant correlation between China-Vietnam border port trade and geopolitical changes in the long-term dimension and the influence factors of border trade are complex and have strong fluctuation.4)Putting forward the strategy of industry-region-system for frontier resilience development,which provides a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of frontier economy in southwest China. |
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