| Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,China's economic development has made remarkable achievements,but the high growth has also brought many negative consequences.The development mode is too extensive,and the high consumption of resources and energy and high pollution and emissions are one of its typical manifestations.With the rapid expansion of China's economic volume,energy consumption and pollution emissions are also increasing.It not only causes ecological damage,affects people's health and sense of access,but also causes some negative externalities worldwide,which is not compatible with China's image of a responsible country and international role.In short,the "green" level of China's economic development mode is not high and it is time for a green transformation.However,in order to promote the green transformation of China's economy,two key questions must be answered,namely,what is the green transformation of economy and how to realize the green transformation of economy.For the first question,previous studies have elaborated and analyzed the definition and connotation of green economic transformation,but they are often confined to the single level of green economic transformation in China.Few literatures have systematically and comprehensively considered and quantitatively analyzed the performance,path,driving factors and transformation purpose of green economic transformation in China.As for the second problem,as a typical public resource,the ecological environment is difficult to achieve optimal allocation by relying on the spontaneous mechanism of the market.Therefore,to solve the environmental problem,we must rely more on the government's strength,through the reform of the system and mechanism,to turn the development mode of our country to the green track.To summarize the government's interventi on and governance of the environment,the most appropriate keyword is "environmental regulation",which is also the most common entry point for academia to explore the mechanism of environmental governance.But if we dig deeper into this problem,the gover nment's environmental governance is also based on its own utility.The government's decision-making mechanism is significantly affected by the hierarchical management system of our country,and a distinct feature of our government's management system is "fiscal decentralization".Therefore,it is necessary to incorporate fiscal decentralization and environmental regulation into the analytical framework to study the mechanism and path of China's economic green transformation.However,by consulting the relevant literature,it is found that the research results of integrating fiscal decentralization,environmental regulation and economic green transformation into the unified analysis system are still few.Based on this,under the theme of fiscal decentralizati on and the impact of environmental regulation on the green transformation of China's economy,this paper attempts to carry out the following aspects of research.Firstly,the research on China's economic green transformation is divided into four levels: th e performance of green transformation,the main channel of green transformation,the core driving force of green transformation and the foothold of green transformation.Based on these,four specific research objects are selected,namely,China's low-carbon transformation,China's industrial transformation and upgrading,China's green technology innovation and China's green city construction.The comprehensive index system calculates the low-carbon transformation level,industrial transformation and upgradi ng status(including three sub-dimensions of industrial transformation and upgrading level,sustainability of industrial transformation and upgrading,interregional equilibrium of industrial transformation and upgrading)and the development level of green cities in30 provinces(districts and cities)in China from 2003 to 2017 respectively.At the same time,DEA-net model is used to calculate the provincial green innovation efficiency in China.Secondly,the environmental regulation is refined into government environmental regulation and social environmental regulation,and the provincial environmental regulation level is measured by using single index and comprehensive index system respectively;the provincial fiscal decentralization level is measured by constructing comprehensive index system.Then,on the basis of conceptual definition,quantitative measurement and mechanism analysis,the impact of fiscal decentralization and environmental regulation on China's green economic transformation is tested by using spatial econometric model,dynamic panel model and quantile model.Finally,based on the results of empirical analysis,some policy suggestions are put forward to promote the green transformation of China's economy.Empirical research is the main content of this paper and the main source of research conclusions.The relevant chapters empirically test the impact of fiscal decentralization and environmental regulation on China's low-carbon economic transformation,industrial transformation and upgrading,green technology innovation and green city development.(1)Aiming at the low-carbon transformation of the economy.Empirical study using panel data of 30 provinces(districts and municipalities)from 2003 to 2017 shows that there is a non-linear correlation between the intensity of government environmental regulation and fiscal decentralization and the low-carbon transformation of the economy.The promotion of government environmental regulation or fiscal decentralization at a low level can promote the low-carbon transformation of the economy,and once the intensity of regulation or decentralization level is exceeded,the low-carbon transformation of the economy can be promoted.Threshold will have a reverse effect.Social environmental regulation is conducive to the realization of low-carbon transformation of the economy.(2)Aiming at industrial transformation and upgrading.Empirical research using panel data of 30provinces(districts and municipalities)from 2003 to 2017 shows that the improvement of government environmental regulation and social environmental regulation can help to upgrade the level of industrial transformation and upgrading,while fiscal decentralization can directly upgrade the level of industrial transformation and upgrading,it may also lead to the relaxation of government environmental regulation.Government environmental regulation and social environmental regulation can enhance the sustainability of industrial transformation and upgrading by promoting the agglomeration of producer services;government environmental regulation is also conducive to the development of new economy,while the improvement of fiscal decentralization level has a negative impact on the sustainability of industrial transformation and upgrading.Government en vironmental regulation and fiscal decentralization are both positive factors to promote the interregional equilibrium of industrial transformation and upgrading.(3)Green technology innovation.In this part,we expand fiscal decentralization to fiscal decentralization level and fiscal decentralization efficiency,and decompose green technology innovation.Based on this,we use the panel data of 30 provinces(districts and municipalities)from 2003 to 2017 to divide and quantile regression shows that fiscal decentralization level has no significant impact on the efficiency of green technology R&D,and fiscal decentralization efficiency has a great impact on the overall efficiency of green innovation.In terms of efficiency of achievement transformation and R&D,environmental regulation has no obvious effect on R&D efficiency.The influence of fiscal decentralization and environmental regulation on green technology innovation has significant stage characteristics.(4)For the development of green cities.In this paper,the panel data of 30 provinces(districts and municipalities)from 2003 to 2017 are used to construct a dynamic spatial econometric model.The empirical study shows that both government environmental regulation and social environmental regulation are conducive to the development of green cities,but under the fiscal decentralization system,the government's economic bias will squeeze out environmental investment,which is not conducive to the development of green cities.Fiscal decentralization wi ll also weaken environmental regulation and reduce the quality of green city development.The effect of fiscal decentralization on the development of green cities is regional differentiation,which is positive for the eastern region as a whole,but negativ e for the central and Western regions. |
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