Research On Multidimensional Relative Poverty Of Chinese Households And Its Influencing Factors

The report of the 19 th Party Congress points out that socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era,and the main contradiction of our society has been transformed into the contradiction between people's growing need for a better life and unbalanced and insufficient development.After more than 40 years of rapid economic development and many stages of targeted poverty eradication practices,the overall living standard of our people has been greatly improved,absolute poverty has been basically eliminated,and the completion of an overall well-off society is just around the corner.At the same time,as the work of poverty alleviation continues to deepen,the anti-poverty situation in China has undergone significant changes: while absolute poverty is rapidly eliminated,the income gap is also expanding and relative poverty is highlighted,meaning that the connotation of poverty has changed from absolute poverty to relative poverty;with rapid economic development and social progress,the poor people's need for a better life has changed from a single material need to diversified high-level needs.It means that the expression of poverty changes from a single economic dimension to multi-dimensional poverty.Therefore,it is necessary to change the previous method of measuring poverty by a single income or consumption indicator,and to integrate capability poverty theory and relative deprivation theory to identify and manage the multidimensional relative poverty of individuals.The identification and management of multidimensional relative poverty is conducive to placing individual human beings in social relations,so that they can continuously break through the inherent social relations through a reasonable social system,proper social regulation and good social order,and obtain the space,conditions and possibilities for development,and promote the free and comprehensive development of human beings through the continuous enrichment and development of social relations.This study combines relative poverty and multidimensional poverty,which expands the connotation of poverty in the new era and enriches the theory of poverty identification and governance.The study of multidimensional relative poverty is of great practical significance for solving the current major contradictions in China,promoting comprehensive human development,and achieving common prosperity.Based on the concept of "satisfying people's diversified and multi-level needs",this paper tries to combine the classic Multidimensional Poverty Index(MPI)with the Multidimensional Relative Poverty Index(MRPI).Multidimensional Relative Poverty Index(MRPI),which measures and decomposes the relative poverty of urban and rural households in China from a multidimensional perspective,examines the multidimensional relative poverty of urban and rural households from 2010 to 2018,and proposes corresponding policy recommendations for the establishment of a long-term mechanism to address relative poverty after 2020.The research of this paper covers the following aspects.The first part is the introduction,which is the outline part of the whole paper.The first part aims to clarify the background and significance of this paper,specify the research objectives,content and framework of this paper,and explain the research methods and data to be used in this paper,and finally point out the possible innovations and shortcomings of this paper.The second part is the first and second chapters of this paper.In Chapter 1,the relevant concepts of the research problem are defined,which mainly include absolute poverty,relative poverty,multidimensional poverty,and multidimensional relative poverty.Starting from the origin of the definition of poverty,the concept of absolute poverty is sorted out in chronological order,and then the concepts of relative poverty and multidimensional poverty are expanded,and the concept of multidimensional relative poverty is comprehensively defined based on the new era.Secondly,the theories underlying the research of this paper are introduced,mainly including capability poverty theory,relative deprivation theory,need ontology and family life cycle theory.Finally,the literature related to multidimensional poverty research,relative poverty research,and poverty impact factor research is summarized and sorted out.In the second chapter,three aspects are analyzed,including the identification and governance of absolute poverty,traditional multidimensional poverty identification and the identification of relative poverty in economic and noneconomic dimensions,to explore the selection of indicators and the setting of critical values,and to lay the foundation for the construction of a multidimensional relative poverty analysis framework.The third part is the third and fourth chapters of this paper.In Chapter 3,the method of multidimensional relative poverty measurement,the setting of dimensions,the selection of indicators and the method of assigning weights are explored.The multidimensional relative poverty index is constructed through the classical multidimensional poverty index,and nine indicators in four dimensions,including income,education,health and living standard,are selected to measure the incidence of poverty,the number of poverty indicators and the multidimensional relative poverty index for the overall,urban and rural households,households in different life cycle stages and households in different regions,and decompose the contribution rate of indicators and the contribution rate of subgroups.In Chapter 4,by summarizing the classical poverty dynamics analysis method,the analysis method of multidimensional relative poverty dynamics is constructed,and the dynamic processes(poverty entry,exit,experience,and persistence)and dynamic outcomes(never poor,temporarily poor,and chronically poor)are analyzed and decomposed for the overall,urban and rural households,households at different life-cycle stages,and households in different regions.Part IV is the fifth chapter of this paper.On the basis of both static and dynamic measures of multidimensional relative poverty,different econometric models are used to analyze the factors influencing household multidimensional relative poverty,the dynamic process of poverty and dynamic outcomes,and to compare and analyze the differences in the determinants affecting poverty among different sample groups(urban and rural households).The fifth part is the sixth chapter of this paper,which mainly clarifies the main conclusions of this paper and puts forward policy recommendations for a long-term mechanism of multidimensional relative poverty management.The main conclusions of this paper are: absolute poverty is gradually eliminated and relative poverty is highlighted;the overall trend of multidimensional relative poverty decreases year by year;the multidimensional relative poverty of rural households is more serious than that of urban households;the problem of health poverty of households is increasingly prominent;the multidimensional relative poverty of households is mainly manifested as temporary poverty;the multidimensional relative poverty of households varies with life cycle stages;the multidimensional relative poverty of households in different regions There are obvious differences in the status of multidimensional relative poverty of families in different regions.Accordingly,corresponding policy recommendations are put forward: establishing official multidimensional relative poverty identification standards;accelerating the adjustment and improvement of the income distribution system to promote balanced development in urban and rural areas;promoting the construction of public service systems to alleviate relative poverty;deepening social security to strengthen the foundation of people's livelihood;focusing on disadvantaged groups and special groups;paying attention to regional differences in multidimensional relative poverty;and strengthening the governance of multidimensional relative poverty and the rural revitalization strategy.The convergence ofBased on the academic research on absolute poverty,relative poverty and multidimensional poverty,this paper constructs the multidimensional relative poverty index of Chinese urban and rural residents,measures the dynamic situation of multidimensional relative poverty of Chinese urban and rural households,analyzes the influencing factors of multidimensional relative poverty,and puts forward corresponding policy suggestions for the establishment of a long-term mechanism to solve relative poverty after the full completion of China's well-off society and the elimination of absolute poverty in 2020.The possible innovations of this paper include: first,the innovation of research perspective,which uses a multidimensional perspective to measure the relative poverty of households;second,the innovation of indicator system,which overcomes the limitation of "multidimensional absolute" and "unidimensional relative" to measure poverty;third,the innovation of research The third innovation is the research method,which not only examines the multidimensional relative poverty of households in different years from a static perspective,but also examines the dynamic evolution of multidimensional relative poverty from a dynamic perspective.Due to the depth of the study and the availability of data,the following shortcomings still exist in this paper: first,there is no short and clear definition of the concept of multidimensional relative poverty;second,the multidimensional relative poverty index system constructed in this paper needs further improvement;third,the data used in this paper needs further exploration;fourth,the econometric model analysis needs further depth.Fourth,the analysis of the econometric model needs to be further developed.