| In recent years,China's e-commerce has developed rapidly and maintained the momentum of rapid growth.Famous e-commerce enterprises have been listed one after another,and the awareness of the brand has been continuously improved.At the same time,with the rapid development of e-commerce,e-commerce logistics industry,as an important sub-area of modern logistics industry,also develops rapidly,including self-built e-commerce logistics and third-party express industry,whose market scale continues to expand.On March 1,2019,the National Development and Reform Commission and other ministries and commissions issued the “Opinions on Promoting High-quality Development of Logistics and Forming a Strong Domestic Market”,further emphasizing that logistics industry is a basic,strategic and leading industry to support the development of national economy.At the same time,the document mentions the application and promotion of sharing thinking in the field of logistics in many aspects,such as: promoting the sharing of facilities;encouraging and supporting the development of advanced logistics organization methods,such as cloud warehouse to share the logistics modes and joint distribution;developing "shared" supply chain based on inventory control and unite warehouses to joint distribution.However,although China's logistics industry has developed for many years,and has made considerable progress,many factors restricting the further development of modern logistics industry still exist.Disorganized,disunited standards,high rate of empty driving,dislocation of supply and demand,low level of personnel training in the industry,still in the initial stage of development,low level of organization and management are still prominent problems and contradictions that need to be solved urgently in the transformation and upgrading of modern logistics industry in China.The development of large logistics,such as express delivery,urban and rural joint distribution,supply chain management,logistics supply chain finance,intelligent logistics,Internet + logistics and other formats has put forward higher and deeper demands for logistics personnel and logistics organization management.The emergence of sharing bicycle,sharing short rent and other sharing economic models,as well as the blowout development in the later period,make the sharing operation model developed in all walks of life.Traditionally speaking,modern logistics,especially e-commerce logistics,is a labor-intensive industry.The inflection point of the current population dividend in China has appeared,so the advantages of human resources cost have been gradually reduced and the cost of many factors has been rising.Under the fierce market competition environment,how to promote the development of modern logistics industry by reducing costs and increasing efficiency is studied in order to better play the role of logistics industry in the development of national economy.The basic,strategic and leading role fully conforms to the guiding spirit of the state on speeding up the promotion of cost reduction and efficiency enhancement in the logistics industry.Logistics industry,especially e-commerce logistics,as a service industry with long industrial chain,many resource elements and various nodes and processes,it is necessary to make a scientific and bold attempt to make full use of the thought of sharing economy to organize production and transformation in all aspects of the sub-area of e-commerce logistics.This paper mainly studies the joint distribution cooperation mechanism in the field of logistics.Firstly,the idea of the integration and development of the sharing economy model in modern logistics industry is given,which proves the feasibility of the application of resource element sharing in modern logistics industry.Secondly,the fair preference and equity cooperation are introduced into the strategy of operation management improvement,and the research idea of combination of Finance and Operation Management is adopted to solve many problems of operation management strategy,which are difficult to be applied in real business environment from origin.Thirdly,the paper systematically considers the risk-cost factors of undersupply and oversupply of logistics services,and analyses the corresponding risk-sharing strategies.Compared with the extensive management of traditional logistics and the input mode of resource elements,it gives a more scientific and rational analysis mechanism of project input-output.Finally,the simulation and validation analysis of the operation improvement strategy closest to the real business environment are given based on the data of the e-commerce express subdivision industry and related public listed companies.Specifically,this paper mainly studies the following issues:(1)The feasibility and economy of joint distribution operation strategy are studied and analyzed.Outsourcing the urban distribution with relatively less freight volume to independent distribution service players,or adopting the method of joint distribution and fully rely on the demand resources of urban logistics and distribution services of logistics enterprises themselves and related logistics enterprises within the circle.Jointly invest in independently operated joint distribution enterprises through certain equity investment and revenue sharing strategy,to realize the vertical integration strategy based on the existing logistics demander resources.On the one hand,it can reduce the operating costs in the field of urban distribution,improve operational efficiency,and then obtain more market customers;on the other hand,it can increase the company's new profit growth point.(2)This paper analyzes the influence of fair preference on the behavioral decision and operational performance of joint distribution among logistics enterprises.To change the research paradigm of the mainstream supply chain coordination research based on the self-interest rationality of human beings,fully consider the pro-social attributes and behaviors of people as market economy subject decision makers,so that the research can be closer to real business operations and decision-making scenarios.(3)This paper studies the operation strategy of the joint distribution logistics.This paper introduces the sharing economy operation mode and designs a new two-level supply chain for the joint distribution logistics system.The logistics company is only responsible for the operation of inter-city logistics transportation,and then outsources the urban logistics distribution to the joint distribution logistics company.The joint optimal decision-making strategies of revenue sharing and cooperative investment contract based on order flow proportion(OFP)and revenue sharing factor combination(RSF)are studied respectively.It is found that the profitability of supply chain based on order flow-to-revenue sharing contract is much higher than that of decentralized supply chain,and very close to that of centralized supply chain.In the supply chain based on revenue sharing factor combination RSF,there are many possible revenue sharing factor combination RSF can improve the profitability of the whole supply chain.The analysis shows that the revenue sharing contract based on OFP is a special case of all revenue sharing contracts based on RSF and it is the best solution.Through theoretical analysis,this paper presents an operation method of fair revenue distribution,that is,to determine the benefit division of supply chain members when they cooperate according to the proportion of order flow(OFP).This method effectively solves the relative unfair distribution of interests in the process of cooperation between logistics companies.Through the case study and numerical analysis of public disclosure information of logistics companies in China,we can see that the revenue sharing contract based on the combination of OFP and revenue sharing factor RSF principle can increase the total return rate of supply chain by 2.1 to4.4‰.In a word,this optimization improvement may mean that for the express industry with a market size of about 400 billion yuan,its direct economic benefit is expected to increase by 84 to 1.76 billion yuan.At the same time,it is found that the combination of equity investment and supply chain coordination contract makes the cooperation between supply chain members more stable.Through this joint distribution logistics system,it will help to give full play to the industry's economies of scale advantages,thereby further reducing operating costs and improving the operation efficiency of the logistics industry.(4)This paper designs a equity-based joint distribution logistics cooperation mechanism considering the shortage and surplus of express delivery service capacity under stochastic demand,and compares and analyses four types of optimization strategies based on the financial data of several logistics companies:revenue sharing strategy of order flow proportion(RE-OFP),combination factors revenue sharing strategy(RE-RSF),order flow proportion risk sharing strategy(RS-OFP),combination factors risk sharing strategy(RS-RSF).The results show that: RE-OFP,RE-RSF,RS-OFP and RS-RSF all can realize Pareto improvement of the operation performance of logistics service;under different revenue sharing or risk sharing combination factors,the advantages and disadvantages of the four revenue sharing and risk sharing strategies are different,but the revenue sharing and risk sharing strategies based on the proportion of order flow and the revenue sharing and risk sharing strategies based on the combination sharing factor both have feasible domain space superior to decentralized supply chain decision-making.Revenue-sharing contracts can achieve the coordination of joint distribution logistics service supply chain under specific combinatorial factors.When the combinatorial sharing factor approaches 0.5,that is the benefit sharing is equal,the benefit-sharing and risk-sharing mechanism based on combinatorial sharing factor is respectively superior to the benefit-sharing and risk-sharing mechanism based on order flow proportion.This paper puts forward a equity-based joint distribution logistics cooperation mechanism,which provides a feasible operation scheme to effectively solve the problem of high empty driving rate and high operation cost of logistics service in urban areas.(5)The revenue-sharing operation strategy of many logistics companies under non-independent stochastic demand was studied when they jointly set up a joint distribution logistics enterprise based on equity.This paper designs a equity-based joint distribution logistics cooperation mechanism considering the shortage and surplus of express delivery service capacity under stochastic demand,and compares and analyses six different types of supply chain performance by using the financial data of several logistics companies: centralized supply chain performance of omni-channel joint distribution logistics cooperation,decentralized supply chain performance of omni-channel joint distribution logistics cooperation,logistics enterprises,performance of revenue-sharing supply chain based on order flow proportion under cost risk,performance of combined sharing factor revenue-sharing supply chain based on enterprises' cost risk,performance of revenue-sharing supply chain based on order flow proportion under cost risk shared by joint distribution logistics enterprises and performance of combined sharing factor revenue-sharing supply chain when the joint distribution logistics enterprises bear the cost risk.(6)This paper studies the risk-sharing operation strategy when many logistics companies jointly form a joint distribution logistics enterprise based on equity under non-independent stochastic demand.This paper designs a equity-based joint distribution logistics cooperation mechanism considering the shortage and surplus of express delivery service capacity under stochastic demand,and compares and analyses three different types of supply chain performance by using the financial data of several logistics companies: supply chain performance in order flow-based risk sharing,supply chain performance in single combination factor risk sharing,and supply chain performance in double combination factor risk sharing.This paper has made some theoretical and managerial contributions.The main innovative viewpoints are as follows:(1)This paper studies the problem of the joint distribution logistics cooperative mechanism based on the supply chain coordination and equity investment.Existing supply chain management research,especially supply chain coordination research,mainly analyses the design problem of supply chain coordination contract under specific business operation environment,mainly including buyback contract,wholesale price contract,quantity discount contract,revenue sharing contract and risk sharing contract and so on.Because of the coordination of various coordination contracts under different business operation background and the causal relationship of key coordination factors as well as the detailed design may change,so the traditional supply chain coordination research mainly focuses on these aspects.However,how to apply such many supply chain coordination contracts to specific business operations and how to implement these operational improvement strategies are seldom considered in previous research literature.This paper makes interviews and exchanges with many top-class logistics enterprises and e-commerce logistics enterprises,then summarizes and refines the characteristics of business-based equity cooperation projects which often occur in modern logistics industry,and designs the equity-based joint distribution logistics cooperation mechanism based on this,which integrates the core parameters of supply chain coordination contract and equity design skillfully Finally,the rationality and scientificalness of the coordination strategy of revenue sharing based on order flow proportion and the equity design based on this parameter combination are verified by mathematical as logical analysis.(2)The structural problem of the omni-channel logistics service supply chain under the joint distribution logistics cooperation mechanism is studied.Unlike the existing supply chain management research,especially the supply chain coordination research,which focuses on and analyses the dual-channel supply chain system,this paper investigates the omni-channel supply chain(Omni-channel SC)structure composed of a joint distribution logistics service provider and many logistics service enterprises,in order to capture the competition and integration in the real business environment as much as possible.As a result,a more feasible and operable operation management improvement scheme is given.(3)Different from the traditional rational economic man hypothesis,full consideration of the pro-social attributes and behaviors of decision-makers,the introduction of fairness preference into the behavioral decision-making mechanism of joint distribution cooperation,enhances the degree of response of research conclusions to the real business environment.In addition,the portfolio contract proposed in this paper involves the combination of revenue sharing and joint investment,rather than the traditional single coordination contract,and proposes the cooperation mechanism based on order flow proportion OFP,which is also an organizational transformation method suitable for improving the efficiency and benefits of the industry. |
PDF Full Text Request