China And C(?)te D’ivoire Agricultural Technology Comparison And Its Implications For Sino-african Technology Cooperation

Nowadays,it’s unanimously admitted there is a difference between Chinese and African agriculture in terms of technology.This difference has been laboriously tried to be reduced over decades by the engagement of China in African agricultural technology development.To date,tangible results are still rare and the whys and wherefores remain unknown.Thus,this present study tries to expose the pre-conditions for a sustainable technology transfer in Africa,especially in C(?)te d’Ivoire,and propose an agricultural technology transfer cooperation model.For this purpose,we first revisited Chinese agricultural technology development by using ancient literatures.Afterwards,we analysed the influence of socio-economic Characteristics(SEC)in the use of agricultural technologies in the two countries.A total of 652 respondents(smallholder farmers)were collected from the two countries,which329 in China and 323 in C(?)te d’Ivoire.Univariate statistics and Probit binary modeling were used to analyse the data.The one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)was employed to check the difference in the type of agricultural technology between the two countries.We also carried out another survey to investigate the relationship between measurement accuracy and peasant calculation capacities.Through this essay,the potential of human capital in China and Africa was exposed.A total of 167 rural people from China and C(?)te d’Ivoire were interviewed using a simple random sampling.Using the univariate statistics,and the multiple linear regression model was used to examine the impact of different explanatory variables on peasants’ calculating capacities.From the independent two samples t-test,we statistically analysed the difference between the calculation capacities of Chinese and Ivorian rural traders.We finally opted for an exploratory study by using the open-ended approach of grounded theory.A total of 106 days of training was needed to understand the benefits of “Learning by doing”(LBD)and the “Farmer Plus Farmer Model”(FPFM).The examination of ancient literatures revealed that Chinese agriculture technology system is basically characterized by a kind of involution.That is to say,it’s focused on investing in more labor work with fixed land.This system requires the precision of measurement,hardworking spirit and physical skills which make China can accept modern science and technology and create so called Chinese economic miracle.The investigations also showed that the economic miracle in China is not only related to the open-door initiative in 1978 but a long-term process.All the steps experienced during its development have played a crucial role to today’s smooth transition to modern technologies.This is how in the second objective;the study noticed some huge differences between the Chinese and Ivorian SEC.The results also showed that 93.62% of Chinese smallholder farmers were using modern agricultural technologies,while only 5.88% of them in C(?)te d’Ivoire.The one-way ANOVA test proved that there is significant difference between the type of agricultural technologies used in both countries(p-value < 0.001).The farmers’ residence status and the farm size were the only two common SEC factors that explained the use of agricultural technologies.By exploring the third objective,our study subsequently showed that 76% of Chinese rural traders were using traditional or modern weighing balance compared to only 24% in C(?)te d’Ivoire.Modern or traditional weighing balance was popular only with traders or wholesalers dealing with bulk commodities,or traders with expensive products in the case of C(?)te d’Ivoire.Our findings also depicted that the calculation capacities of Chinese rural traders are higher than Ivorian(p-value < 0.001).Experience was found to be the most effective factors for the estimation of PCC among Chinese and Ivorian rural traders.The exploratory study via the training confirmed that the LBD has a significant impact on the technology transfer process between China and Africa.The results also showed that,in the learning process of technology,the quality of knowledge accumulated is more important than the quantity.The description of FPFM showed that Chinese traditional farming tools and techniques are very effective.There is a real complexity of Chinese conventional farming tools and methods,which is at the root of this capacity of Chinese to absorb easily different modern technologies in the agriculture field.Moreover,the mixture of traditional and modern technologies in the Chinese rice production system plays a potent role in Chinese farmers’ productivity.Through this study,we discovered that there is a considerable difference between the Chinese and African agricultural technology.The difference is on several levels: historical,agricultural tools,know-how,and cultural levels.That is why many agricultural technology attempts failed to occur.However,there is real scope for mutual learning between the two parts.And to achieve this sustainable agricultural technology cooperation between China and Africa,there is a need to pay much attention to the roots of the problems.Our study suggested that Chinese economic development can effectively be a lesson for the African countries at technological,political,cultural,and human capital building levels.It’s for this reason some SEC must be taking into account in any cooperation model between China and Africa.In addition,these LBD and FPFM concepts can be introduced to any kind of initiative to improve China-Africa agricultural technological cooperation.In effect,putting Chinese farmers and African farmers together can favor cultural exchange and increases both sides’ cultural and human capital.Moreover,China-Africa agricultural technology cooperation can start with simple and practical technologies and gradually improve African local tools.This study provides useful insights for policymakers,and a window for the comparative analysis between China and Africa in this specific area.That’s why it might be better to check the difference between China and Africa in more than two African countries in such a way that the proposed model can be generalized.