Research On The Influence Mechanism Of Technological Diversification On The Innovation Performance Of Complex Products

Complex products refer to large-scale products or infrastructure with technology intensive,high research and development cost and customized single piece or small batch production,such as aerospace equipment,mainframe computers,power network systems,semiconductor production lines,large information systems,high-speed railways and other high-tech products closely related to the national economy and the people's livelihood,It can create conditions for the production of general products and the creation of modern services,and is considered by scholars as an important platform to support economic and social modernization(Rush,1998).The technology of complex products is widely distributed and the related technologies are at the forefront of the same industry.Therefore,the innovation level of complex products is considered to be an important indicator to measure the national scientific and technological competitiveness and an important pillar to support the development of national related industries(Zhou Guohua,2020).Western countries such as Europe and the United States have increased investment in complex product innovation,trying to occupy the commanding height and voice of high-end manufacturing again in the new round of scientific and technological revolution.Compared with western countries,China and other late developing countries have increased their overall level through technological catch-up,but they still face a series of problems,such as poor adaptability to the market environment,low innovation ability,low economic efficiency,poor scale effect and so on(Guo Liang,2014).The reason is that many complex product enterprises still believe that enterprises should only care about the technology closely related to their core technology according to the traditional concept of technology specialization.If they invest in other fields other than core technology,it will cause dispersion of advantages,waste of technical resources and is not conducive to further improving their own advantages(He Yubing,2021).However,this concept is not applicable in the context of complex products.The scale of technical knowledge required for the design,manufacturing and integration process of complex products is much larger than that of ordinary products.Complex product enterprises need to adopt the technology diversification strategy of"knowing more than they do"in order to meet the technical resource needs of complex product innovation,In order to obtain a lasting competitive advantage in the increasingly fierce technological competition(Breschi,2003).It is particularly important for complex product enterprises to adopt technology diversification strategy.On the one hand,in the innovation process of complex product design,manufacturing and integration,interdisciplinary,interdisciplinary and interdisciplinary diversified technology is needed to complete R&D;On the other hand,if enterprises do not have diversified technical knowledge background,they will not be able to identify emerging technology opportunities to win market opportunities.With the increasing technology intensity of complex product research and development,multiple complementary or compatible technologies will be used in the research and development of the same complex product.Complex product enterprises with single technology are unable to move forward in the innovation competition,Therefore,more and more complex product enterprises begin to choose technology diversification strategy to broaden their technical knowledge base in order to achieve the purpose of efficient R&D and innovation of complex products(He Yubing,2013).However,there is still a lack of research on the relationship between technological diversification and complex product innovation performance.The question of how technological diversification affects complex product innovation activities in the context of complex product innovation has not been fully explored and answered.In addition,in the practice of complex product innovation,it is common for complex product enterprises to realize technology catch-up or technology breakthrough of complex products based on technology diversification strategy(Jiang Hong,2019),but the core issues such as the impact mechanism and path of technology diversification on the innovation performance of complex products in academia are still lack of in-depth exploration.Therefore,the impact mechanism of technological diversification on complex product innovation is a frontier issue with great research value,which is challenging and innovative.Therefore,on the basis of combing the concept,characteristics and relevant literature of technological diversification,this study explores how complex product enterprises use technological diversification strategy to effectively improve the innovation performance of complex products,which is not only conducive to further expand the theoretical research of technological diversification,but also conducive to clarify the action path and influence mechanism between technological diversification and the innovation performance of complex products,Enrich the theoretical research on technological diversification and complex product innovation performance.Although technological diversification can actively promote the innovation of complex products,the mechanism between them needs to be further explored and explored.Specifically,the rapid change of the external environment requires complex products,and enterprises need to form the top-level construction design of complex products based on diversified technology Select and acquire the sub module technology matched by external suppliers and integrate it with its own core module technology,so as to better understand user needs and more efficiently complete the R&D and innovation of complex products(Kiamehr,2013).In other words,the research,development and innovation of complex products based on diversified technologies requires the design of initial module architecture and the selection,integration and application of interdisciplinary,interdisciplinary and interdisciplinary modular knowledge from module suppliers to form an organic whole of complex products Select the ability to obtain matching resources and integrate heterogeneous technologies into technology integration(Guo Liang,2016).Therefore,technology integration capability plays a key role in the relationship between technology diversification and complex product innovation.In addition,the modularization level of complex product enterprises determines whether the technology selection of external suppliers can be well constrained within an appropriate range,and whether standardized module interfaces can be designed for technology integration(Wang Haijun,2020).However,the existing research has not yet deeply explored the mechanism and boundary conditions of technological diversification on the innovation performance of complex products.Therefore,based on resource-based theory and modularization theory,this study studied the promotion effect of technological diversification on innovation performance of complex products,and established a model based on the relationship between the two variables as the main line to discuss the path mechanism and influence mechanism of technological diversification on innovation performance of complex products.This study constructs a relationship model among technological diversification,technological integration capability,modularity and complex product innovation performance,aiming to reveal the direct effect of technological diversification on complex product innovation performance,the mediating effect of technological integration capability,and the moderating effect of modularity level.The content of this study mainly includes the following aspects:First,through combing and summarizing the relevant literature,this study determines the research ideas to explore the impact of technological diversification on the innovation performance of complex products.In the part of theoretical basis and literature review,this paper combs the resource-based theory,modular theory and dynamic capability theory,so as to provide a theoretical basis for this study.At the same time,it combs and summarizes the relevant research on technological diversification,technological integration ability,modularity and complex product innovation performance,and summarizes the different research perspectives,research contents,pre variables or post variables of variables.Second,this study uses the exploratory case study method,accurately defines the variables such as technology diversification,technology integration capability,modularity and complex product innovation performance according to the survey data of typical complex product enterprises,determines the concept and connotation of the main variables,and constructs the theoretical framework of the impact of technology diversification on complex product innovation performance.On this basis,13 research hypotheses are proposed to reveal the impact mechanism of technological diversification on complex product innovation performance,the intermediary role of technological integration ability and the regulatory role of modularization.Third,through pre investigation and expert discussion,combined with the specific situation of complex products,this study revised and improved the existing maturity scale,and finally determined the formal questionnaire including 40 items.Through wechat,email and field research,this study conducted a questionnaire survey in Shanghai,Jiangsu Province,Jilin Province and other provinces and cities,and a total of 529 valid questionnaires were recovered.SPSS 22.0 and Amos 21.0 software are used to empirically test the survey data,which shows that the scale has good reliability and validity.Then multiple regression analysis is carried out.The final results show that the 13 research hypotheses of this study pass the test.Fourth,it summarizes the research conclusions,puts forward three innovations,and puts forward the corresponding practical enlightenment of complex product enterprises according to the empirically tested theoretical assumptions.Finally,it points out the limitations of this research and puts forward the direction of future research.