Preparation And Dyeing Of Reactive Dye/polymer Microspheres For Textile

Dyes and pigments are the most important colorants in textile coloring.The dyeing application process is long,and energy consumptive,and it is also a difficulty to treat large amount of colored wastewater which is produced in the processes.The coloring process of pigment is short and it has significant advantages in energy saving and emission reduction,but the particles are irregular in shape and different in size.When pigment is used in textile coloring,there are some problems such as dark color,low color fastness to rubbing,and poor hand feeling.Colored polymer microspheres have been widely used in biomedicine,electronic display,ink and other fields due to their large specific surface area and excellent coloring performance.They have valued for the advantages of both bright color of dyes and good durability of pigments,making up for the shortcomings of dyes and pigments,and gradually brought into focus in the field of textile printing and dyeing.In this paper,in view of the problems that low utilization and environmental pollution of reactive dyes,the reactive dye/polymer microspheres are used as the research objects,and the following work has been carried out:1.The reactive dye/poly(styrene-butyl acrylate-trimethyl(vinylbenzyl)ammonium chloride)[P(St-BA-VBT)] microspheres with particle size of 90～136 nm were prepared using reactive red 195,reactive yellow 95 and reactive blue 72 trough dyeing method.The size,surface potential and dye adsorption amount of reactive dye/P(St-BA-VBT)microspheres can be adjusted by changing the dye dosage.The structure and water-soluble groups of reactive dyes have significant effect on the size and surface potential of the reactive dye/P(St-BA-VBT)microspheres,and the amount of reactive dyes with strong hydrophobility and good planarity absorbed on cationic P(St-BA-VBT)microspheres is great as well.2.Reactive red 195/P(St-BA-VBT)microspheres were modified by ethylenediamine.The covalent binding properties between ethylenediamine and reactive groups of reactive dyes which determine the compactness of the outer layer of polymer microspheres,were studied in order to control the migration of dye molecules.The ethylenediamine solution is added into the reactive red 195/P(St-BA-VBT)microsphere dispersion solution,under the optimum preparation conditions of the p H value of the bath of 11,the dosage of ethylenediamine of 40%,the modification temperature and time of 60 °C and 120 min,respectively.The amino-modified reactive red 195/P(St-BA-VBT)microspheres with the particle size of 96.5 nm,the polydispersion index of 0.075 and Zeta potential of –33.7 m V were obtained.3.The pretreated cotton fabric was dyed with reactive red 195/P(St-BA-VBT)microspheres using no-salt and low-alkali dyeing technology to explore the mechanism of color darkening of the dyed cotton fabric.The K/S value of cotton fabrics dyed with the colored microspheres can reach 5.3 times that of raw cotton fabrics dyed with reactive dyes,with improvement of color saturation and good levelness.The rubbing fastness and the washing fastness are both grade 4 and above,which can meet the requirements of practical application.4.The active center and micro-nano structure were created on the surface of wool fiber,and the interaction mechanism between the fiber surface and reactive red195/P(St-BA-VBT)microspheres was explored.The wool fibers are treated by a method of combining cationazation and plasma treatment is sdopted,which is suitable for the reactive red 195/P(St-BA-VBT)microspheres adsorpted on the surface of wool fiber.With the increase of dyeing temperature and dyeing time,the K/S values of wool fabrics dyed with reactive red 195/P(St-BA-VBT)microspheres increased gradually.With the increment of p H value in dyeing bath,the K/S values of dyed wool fabrics first increased and then decreased,and reached the maximum value at the p H value of the original solution of dispersion system.The mian color fastness of dyed wool fabric are both grade 3～4 and above,which can meet the requirements of practical application.