Research On The Efficiency Of Pedestrian Evacuation Way-finding In Underground Commercial Buildings Based On Human Behavior

As one of the rapidly developing forms of underground space in recent years,underground commercial buildings have the characteristics of high personnel density,difficult evacuation and difficult direction identification.In case of fire and other emergencies,it may cause major safety risks due to difficult direction identification.However,the existing research on pedestrian evacuation behavior in emergency in underground commercial buildings is still insufficient.This thesis focuses on the influence of the original road return,natural light,the location and color of evacuation signs,the brightness,width,and color of the passage on the path selection in the emergency evacuation of underground commercial buildings.The purpose of this study is to explore the quantitative relationship between the influencing factors of way finding and fire evacuation behavior,and to optimize the fire evacuation design,so as to improve the efficiency of pedestrian evacuation way finding.This study investigates the existing underground commercial buildings in Beijing,Nanjing,Changchun,Chongqing,Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Chengdu,Neijiang,Zunyi and other cities,summarizes the setting forms and types of relevant building factors to be studied,and establishes a database of the layout of underground commercial buildings and the setting of fire-fighting facilities with CAD drawings as the main carrier.At the same time,through offline and online questionnaire survey methods,we can understand the characteristics of personnel in underground commercial buildings and the characteristics of evacuation and way finding in underground commercial buildings,and form a cognitive database of personnel characteristics and personnel fire evacuation in underground commercial buildings.Virtual reality experiment and Anylogic simulation experiment are used to explore the effects of natural light,evacuation signs,physical environment in the channel and other factors on pedestrian evacuation path selection and pedestrian evacuation routing efficiency.On this basis,the evacuation design strategy of underground commercial buildings is put forward,and the calculation formulas of different types of evacuation exit width are discussed.The main results of this study are as follows: 1.In view of the lack of basic cognitive data of underground commercial buildings,using sociological methods,through on-site investigation and online investigation,this study found the basic laws of the layout of underground commercial buildings and the setting of fire-fighting facilities,and found the laws of personnel’s spatial cognition and fire-fighting cognition of underground commercial buildings,which provided support for relevant research.It solves the problem of lack of basic data in the research of pedestrian evacuation routing in underground commercial buildings.2.In view of the lack of economic and applicable research platform for virtual reality research,a virtual reality research platform with appropriate price is established through hardware comparison test,display mode comparison test,user convenience and display authenticity test,which provides a reliable,feasible and economic research tool for the virtual reality experiment of pedestrian evacuation and way finding.3.Through human experiments and Anylogic simulation experiments,the correlation between specific impact factors and pedestrian evacuation efficiency in underground commercial buildings is found,and the response law of real pedestrian evacuation routing state in the scene of underground commercial buildings is found,which provides technical support for putting forward design strategies for pedestrian evacuation routing efficiency.4.Based on the analysis and discussion of the experimental results,aiming at the specific environment of underground commercial buildings,this thesis puts forward the fire evacuation design strategy in underground commercial buildings,so as to improve the pedestrian evacuation routing efficiency in underground commercial buildings,and provide a method for the evacuation design of underground commercial buildings.