Research On The Conservation And Inheritance Of The History And Culture Of Xi’an Since Modern Times

As the ancient capital of the world and the national historic city,Xi’an has carried out many groundbreaking conservation practices and accumulated experience in the conservation in the process of modernization for more than a century.It has accumulated rich experience in the conservation and inheritance of historic cities in the past 40 years and is a typical representative and epitome of the conservation and inheritance of famous historical and cultural cities in China.Through the research methods of literature research,field investigation and correlation comparison,this paper combs the inheritance process of urban historical and cultural conservation and the development context of its conservation thought since modern times,and expounds its development characteristics from the aspects of the background and conservation thought at home and abroad at each historical stage,the key conservation events and practice of Xi’an urban conservation planning and construction,characters,motivation,conservation thought characteristics,then form the theoretical understanding and historical experience summary of the conservation and inheritance of urban history and culture of Xi’an since modern times,provide a theoretical basis for the conservation and inheritance and development of contemporary Chinese urban history and culture,and provide reference for the conservation and inheritance construction of modern urban culture.Based on sorting and summarizing the memorabilia of conservation and inheritance of historical and cultural of Xi’an,and under the framework of macro stages of Chinese history,this paper takes the major conservation events and practice in the process of conservation and inheritance as the research starting point and carries out the research from point to area.The conservation inheritance process is divided into three stages in chronological order:(1)In the modern period(1840-1949),the idea of historic preservation began to appear in a series of planning documents during the period of the Republic of China,and the conservation perspective began to expand and explore certain conservation and display methods,represented by the conservation practice of historic sites such as Xi’an city wall,bell and Drum Tower and stele forest,It shows the conservation thought of "rejuvenating the national spirit" in the transitional period of the integration of the old and the new;(2)From the founding of the people’s Republic of China to the reform and opening up(1949-1976),the first round of urban master planning inherited the historical chessboard road grid Bureau,took cultural relics and historic sites as a positive factor in modern urban construction,and laid the foundation and direction of modern urban planning development.Represented by the dispute over the "preservation and abolition" of Xi’an city wall and the establishment of Xingqing Palace Park and Banpo site museum,it reflects the deepening of the understanding of the cultural value of historic sites and the exploration and development of the conservation and utilization mode;(3)Since the reform and opening up(since 1976),represented by the revival planning and design of historical areas,the inheritance and creation of modern buildings rooted in the historical environment,the exploration of the mode of site public space and large site conservation,Xi’an has formed a road of heritage conservation and cultural revival to build the harmonious development of the old and new environment,which has become a unique creation accumulated at the level of urban cultural revival in Xi’an.Since combing the context of Xi’an urban historical and cultural conservation and inheritance,this paper reveals the main characteristics of construction and development and the key influencing factors behind it.The inheritance and continuation of urban cultural tradition of Xi’an has always been the connotation guiding urban construction and development of Xi’an,and its core meaning is that in the process of urban modernization,the new urban cultural space should be rooted in its own tradition and carry forward in combination with the development of the times.Its conservation and inheritance experience can be summarized as follows:(1)The conservation of heritage always takes it as the foundation of urban historical and cultural conservation and inheritance;(2)Highlight the historical pattern and consciously inherit cultural genes in modern urban construction;(3)Architectural creation inherits and continues the modern urban style with the cultural characteristics of the ancient capital;(4)Integrate modern life and realize the harmonious coexistence of “people,heritage and city”.While conserving and utilizing urban history and culture,it also conserves and continues the key points of historical space,and finally realizes the overall urban pattern of highlighting the characteristics of the ancient capital in modern urban space through different paths and modes.By summarizing the historical experience in the conservation and inheritance of urban history and culture,this paper hopes to provide support for the theories and methods of urban history and culture conservation in China and learn from the development of contemporary historical urban planning and construction.