A Research On The Elderly-Oriented Adaptability Of Small-Scale Outdoor Public Spaces In Old City Zones Based On The Measurement Of Behaviors And Perceptions

Urban development of our country has entered into a historical turning point from incremental development to stock development at present,,and it is inevitable to turn from expansion to endogenous urban renewal.Urban public spaces are important spaces for the seniors to participate in daily social public life.However,most of the attention focuses on the elderly-oriented optimization of large-scale and landmark urban public spaces.In old city zones where the large-scale public spaces are generally lacking and the degree of aging is serious,small-scale public spaces which can be seen everywhere and seniors highly dependent on in the daily life,are often neglected.The elderly-oriented optimization of the small-scale public spaces in old city zones could improve seniors’ daily experience in urban space,triggering their social participation and interpersonal behaviors,and promoting them to integrate into urban public life with a positive attitude.At the same time,it is an important research fields in the future to explore the influence of spatial form on seniors’ daily behaviors and perceptions based on quantitative analysis so as to provide scientific and feasible basis for the elderly-oriented space design.Based on this,taking small-scale public spaces in old city zones as the research objects,this paper carries out the elderlyoriented research about the small-scale public spaces based on the measurement of behaviors and perceptions with statistical interdisciplinary method.The research mainly includes the following aspects.Firstly,theoretical research on the elderly-oriented adaptability of small-scale public spaces based on the measurement of behaviors and perceptions is carried out from the aspects of scale definition,conceptual attributes,perceptual cognition,behavioral needs and elderly-oriented adaptability of the small-scale space.It mainly includes: by inheriting and updating the previous research of our research team,the scale of small-scale outdoor public spaces in old city zones is defined based on industry standards and academic data,and the conceptual attribute of that is further clarified.Then,from the perspective of perceptual cognition and behavioral needs,the theoretical research on the quantitative measurement of user’s "behavior-perception" is carried out.On this basis,the research trend of small-scale public spaces in cities,domestic construction practice and representative researches,as well as the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods in the researches are sorted out,summarized and analyzed.By doing this,the theoretical research on the elderlyoriented adaptability of small-scale public spaces based on the measurement of behaviors and perceptions is completed.After that,the connotation of the elderly-oriented adaptability for the small-scale public space is parsed,the morphological types of the spaces are classified and the concrete path of the empirical research is analyzed.Based on the resolution of the connotation of elderly-oriented adaptability,taking Tianjin as the example,the empirical investigation about the small-scale public spaces closely related to seniors’ daily life in old city zones is conducted systematically.Based on the primary data obtained from the investigation,according to the principle of composition and the theory of architectural typology,the basic morphological types of the small-scale public spaces in old city zones are classified by the spatial boundary.On this basis,the empirical path of specific research on the elderly-oriented adaptability of the smallscale public space based on the measurement of behaviors and perceptions is analyzed and expounded.On this basis,the specific research about the elderly-oriented adaptability of small-scale public spaces based on the measurement of behaviors and perceptions is carried out aiming at exploring empirical approaches and methods.It mainly includes:1.on the level of "space-perception",the research about the elderly-oriented adaptability of small-scale public spaces based on the measurement of perceptions taking the living street spaces as the specific research objects;2.on the level of "space-behavior",the research about the elderly-oriented adaptability of small-scale public spaces based on the measurement of behaviors taking the street-corner smallscale public spaces as the specific research objects;3.on the level of the perceptual engineering involved,the research about the spatial key component factors on the elderly-oriented adaptability based on seniors’ eye movement experiment and subjective questionnaire survey.The specific research about the elderly-oriented adaptability of small-scale public spaces based on the measurement of behaviors and perceptions is the exploration at the level of practical methods and processes,as well as the core content of the research.Finally,on the basis of the specific research,the coupling mechanism of the research composition is extracted and summarized,and the output path of the design strategy based on the research is refined.Taking the relevant research conclusions of the "space-perception" research as the example,the specific process of the research deducing the design is analyzed and the corresponding detailed diagram is drawn to parse the academic guidance process and reference value significance of the research for design on the operational level.In addition to this,the more general and comprehensive design guidelines of elderly-oriented adaptability and its detailed graphic analysis are put forward to complete the whole research process.At both theoretical and practical levels,this study deduced the elderly-oriented research of small-scale outdoor public spaces in old city zones based on the measurement of behaviors and perceptions.The quantitative methods summarized in the process can also be used for reference and application in the elderly-oriented research of other types of urban small-scale public spaces.The purpose of this research is to provide scientific ideas and innovation methods for elderly-oriented research about urban small-scale public spaces.