| University is an important place to train high-level talents,and college students spend nearly two-thirds of their time on campus.The research shows that college students are facing more and more severe academic challenges and development pressure,so the quality of campus environment is crucial to the learning effect and living condition of college students.In recent years,researchers have paid attention to the healing effect of plants on the human body through landscape visual stimulation,and it has gradually become an important consideration in green space design.However,the traditional campus plant landscape obviously has insufficient support for college students’ recovery.It is extremely important and urgent to explore the differences in the healing effects of plant landscape characteristics in different types of campus activity space,form practical and effective design strategies,and provide scientific basis and technical support for campus landscape design in the new era.Based on the above problems,the research path of "activity space classification-plant landscape feature screening-empirical test of recovery effect-design strategy condensation" was constructed.Taking 18 university campuses in Xi ’an as the research object and college students as the target group,this paper collects multi-source data and summarizes the spatial types of college students’ campus activities by combining the pressure perception data of college students’ behavior activities.Through network platform data collection,social semantic network analysis and regression analysis,the characteristics of plant landscape with potential healing effect were clarified with landscape preference as the entry point.Through the evaluation of beauty degree and physiological and psychological measurement,the paper reveals the difference of the healing effect of plant landscape characteristics on college students in different spatial types.Based on the research results,this paper proposes the concept,principle and strategy of university campus healing plant landscape design based on activity space,and puts it into practice in the university campus plant landscape design in Xi’an area.The main results are as follows:(1)Activity space classification.According to the degree of pressure perception,the main activity space of college students could be summarized into self-adjustment space and academic pressure space.Among the many activities,the typical self-adjustment activities of college students were sitting and walking,and 57% of them would choose the campus garden;The typical stress activities of college students were class and self-study,45.1% of which occurred in the classroom.(2)Plant landscape feature screening.In self-adaptive space,the plant landscape features that potentially affected the healing effect of college students had been the vertical structure,community color,and community horizontal structure.The accessibility of plant landscape units and the number of facilities had been the environmental factors that affected the use of campus plant landscape space by college students and indirectly promoted the rehabilitation.In the academic stress type space,the plant landscape features that potentially affected the recovery effect of college students had been plant color(brightness,hue,and color richness)and leaf texture respectively.Plant conservation activities had promoted the rapid recovery of college students in the space of academic pressure.(3)Recovery effect test.In the self-adaptive space,the vertical structure type of evergreen and deciduous mixed trees + shrubs(+ ground cover)community had been the most praised and had shown strong recovery potential.In terms of plant community color,the number of main colors in the campus entrance area and education and teaching area had been 2-3.The color harmonization types of the community had mainly been contrasting colors,and the color tonality of the community had been high long tone and medium long tone.The color preference of the community in the leisure area had not been significant,and the color tone of the community had been medium and medium.The color of the plant community in the dormitory living area had been mainly neighboring color,and the color tone of the community had been medium and short.In terms of plant community level structure,walking on campus in open natural environment with plant community canopy coverage less than 30% had significant effects on diastolic blood pressure(△M=-6.305,p=0.003),positive emotion(△M=20.028,p=0.008)and negative emotion(△M=18.492,p=0.001)showed the best recovery.In the academic stress type space,in terms of the brightness of plant color,the subjects of medium brightness plants(brightness range 42-71)had a significant recovery effect on diastolic blood pressure(p=0.032),heart rate(p=0.000),fingertip pulse(p=0.000)and negative emotion(p=0.000).The subjects with high brightness plants(brightness range: 88-93)had significant recovery effects on diastolic blood pressure(△M=-2.618,p=0.032),heart rate(△M=-6.970,p=0.000)and negative emotion(△M=-3.233,p=0.000).In terms of plant color hue,the healing effect of green group(M=7.73,p=0.008)was >yellow group(M=6.69,p=0.014)> red group.In terms of plant color richness,the restoration effect of monochrome leaf group(p=0.004)was > color leaf group(p=0.043)> variegated leaf group.In terms of leaf texture,the healing effect of medium leaf plants(p=0.021)> mixed leaf size plants(p=0.031)> control group.Plant conservation activities can effectively help college students in independent learning state relieve negative emotions and improve positive psychological state.After 5 minutes and10 minutes of plant maintenance,the α and β waves of the participants had a better recovery effect,but there was no significant difference between them.Design strategy.The landscape design of university students’ campus rehabilitation plant,based on activity space,should have adhered to the design concept of establishing the rehabilitation coordination mechanism of internal and external connection,the rehabilitation integration mode of toughness composite,and the rehabilitation green network of humanscene interaction.It should have followed the design principles of functionality,naturalness,accessibility,diversity,and interactivity.In order to create a campus environment that supports and promotes the study and development of college students,the overall framework of indoor and outdoor plant landscape rehabilitation should have been constructed in combination with student activities.A complex plant community zoning planning structure should have been established in combination with regional functions.The differentiation characteristics of plant landscape design should have been shaped in combination with site attributes,and the active participation function of plant landscape should have been enhanced in combination with interactive needs.This study can provide theoretical basis for improving the quality of campus landscape,constructing the recuperative landscape environment of university campus,and promoting the well-being of university students from the perspective of landscape architecture. |
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