| With the continuous impact of anti globalization,nationalism in the United States further rose,and finally contributed to Trump’s victory in the U.S.general election.After Trump became president of the United States,he achieved public satisfaction by reducing the foreign trade deficit and improving domestic employment.From the perspective of Sino-US trade,due to China’s rapid economic development,its position as a global manufacturing and trading power becomes more stable,which has consolidated the position of "global manufacturing factory" in the international division of labor.The American people believe that China’s foreign trade development has seized the jobs of its domestic workers.While American elites feel that with the further narrowing of the all-round strength gap between China and the United States,the hegemonic position of the United States in the world has been narrowed to a certain extent.Therefore,the Trump administration has adopted the strategy of creating trade conflicts between China and the United States by increasing tariffs,so as to calm domestic doubts and increase its own votes,making the already sharp Sino US trade friction more severe.The trade between China and the United States has strong complementarity and dependence in both breadth and depth,which leads to the trend of Sino-U.S.trade frictions facing multiple directions and developing in different directions,which also includes the influence of security,politics,military and other factors other than economy.The Chinese government should fully realize the current situation and potential development of trade frictions between China and the United States,make proper use of WTO rules to coordinate and deal with trade disputes,and improve the ability of our government to solve trade disputes.Through the specific case analysis in the WTO dispute settlement mechanism,especially the differentiated appealing and pleading cases adopted by China and the United States because of their different goals,we can have a more in-depth understanding of the Sino US trade friction,and it is also conducive to further understand the WTO trade dispute settlement mechanism to meet the challenges.In addition,in this essay,according to current events and news,the latest progress of the current Sino US trade war is supplemented to improve the timeliness of the research.Firstly,this essay introduces the research background and research status,and expounds that although there are many studies in this area,there are still some parts worthy of supplement.Then this essay summarizes the relevant theories of WTO dispute settlement mechanism,and focuses on the main background,causes and problems in the process of Sino US trade friction.This essay holds that the great achievements China has made in the past 40 years of reform and opening up are obvious to all and can not be denied.Especially since China’s accession to the WTO,China has actively fulfilled its WTO commitments,presented the characteristics of an inclusive developing country in tariff reduction and market opening,actively opposed trade protectionism and promoted fair competition in trade,It has promoted the development of trade globalization with its own practical actions.The Chinese government has also actively participated in the establishment and improvement of the global governance system,continuously strengthened its role,established the multilateral trading system,and improved China’s role in global economic development.These actions have also brought great impetus to China’s economic development.China is gradually becoming an important force to promote global economic development,with a contribution rate of more than 30% to world economic growth in 2017.At present,the anxiety of "the decline of the United States and the rise of China" is the consensus of American politics,academia and mainstream media.In the face of China’s development,the United States has adopted the strategy of containment and suppression.For example,in terms of technology transfer in high-tech industries,the United States completely prohibits the export of its cutting-edge technology and compresses the market share of Chinese advantageous industries such as Huawei.China has proposed to let the United States relax high-tech export controls to balance the trade deficit,but it has not been accepted by U.S.policymakers.On the contrary,it has further strengthened the "strategic anxiety" of the United States.In this regard,China should encourage and support relevant industrial collectives that can replace American technologies and products to "going out" and "returning" in the future."Going out" refers to establishing stable customer groups in more regions of the world,absorbing high and new technologies from other countries by means of merge and acquisition,and establishing China’s vertical industrial system."Returning" refers to encouraging enterprises to go back to Hong Kong and the mainland for listing and financing,ensuring that advantageous enterprises are not coerced by the financial hegemony of the United States,exporting high-tech production capacity and promoting the development of high-tech industry,so as to form the technology and industry development standards formulated by China.Then this essay lists several typical cases of China and the United States under the framework of WTO dispute settlement mechanism.The WTO rule system is very large,and the relevant legal texts are relatively obscure.It is difficult to promote its application to enterprises in China.Only by unified control from top to bottom can ensure that enterprises will not be damaged.The development of China’s foreign trade history involves countless cases under the framework of WTO dispute settlement mechanism,and also has experienced a process from hitting a wall to learning,and then from learning to mastering application.Under the background of Sino US trade war,it is of great practical significance to further study the rules of WTO and put forward corresponding countermeasures.At the same time,selecting typical cases for research can more pertinently summarize the micro causes and diversified solutions of Sino US trade friction from the perspective of industry,and put forward differentiated dispute settlement paths in different industrial strategic lines is also one of the innovations of this essay.Finally,combined with the problems,this essay puts forward the corresponding countermeasures,and holds that our government should formulate relevant domestic trade laws and regulations,further integrate with international rules,and strengthen the self-construction of enterprises in order to avoid foreseeable trade frictions.When a trade dispute case occurs,in the process of responding to the lawsuit,relevant government departments also need to actively regulate and deeply intervene to avoid enterprises fighting alone.At the same time,the government should guide enterprises to fully understand the corresponding rules,including the WTO dispute settlement mechanism,and actively take trade remedies to safeguard their own interests. |
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