Study On Engels’ State Thought

As the organization form of the human community,the state problem has long been widely concerned.Under the background of globalization,"the final conclusion of the state","the theory of strengthening the state" and "the theory of cosmopolitanism" have also emerged continuously.Although the Marxist theory of the state still maintains strong vitality and extensive influence because of its scientific discussion of the state problem and ultimate concern for human liberation,the existence of "fundamental negation" and "Reconstruction theory of thought" in foreign academic circles also affects its scientificity and revolution to some extent.The erroneous views such as "praise Marx and criticism Engels","Marx and Engels are opposite" and "founder of dogmatism" have damaged Engels’ image and hindered the research and development of Marxist state theory.At the same time,China is embarking on a new journey to comprehensively build socialist modernization and is faced with a new task of "modernization of national governance." Therefore,exploring the scientific connotation of Marxist state theory is of great significance to enhancing the vitality of Marxist state theory and guiding the practice of socialist state governance.Engels’ interpretation and originality of the theory of the state cannot be ignored.In Anti-Duhring,The Origin of the Family,Private Property and the State and other works,Engels has carried on a in-depth discussion of it.In view of this,this paper takes the problem as the guidance,using the method of literature research,the unification of logic and history,and the comparative analysis method,and tring to restore the original appearance of Engels’ state thought.Engels’ state thought has profound theoretical origin and profound theoretical foundation,which not only critically inherits the city-state thought of ancient Greece,but also surpasses the modern contractual state view,the German classical philosophers’ state view and the utopian socialist state view of the 19 th century.Therefore,on the basis of further investigation of classical texts,tthe evolution of Engels state thought is divided into three stages: : the first stage is the theoretical formation stage,Engels began the theoretical exploration of the thought of the state from the critique of private property,and after the important turning point of civil society deciding the political state,he focused on the explanation of the thought of the state;The second stage is the period of theoretical development,Engels used the state thought to fight against Proudonism’s petty-bourgeois view of the state,Bakunin’s anarchism and Duhlin’s violent view of the state.The third stage is the period of theoretical deepening.Engels filled the theoretical gap in the study of primitive state from the anthropological perspective,further discussed the dialectical relationship between economic foundation and superstructure,and adjusted the revolutionary strategy on the basis of deepening the understanding of capitalist state.On the whole,Engels answered where the country came from,what is the country and where the country goes.In terms of the formation of the state,Engels cracked the myth of the eternal existence of the bourgeois state,and creatively proposed that on the historical basis of the clan society,under the premise of the creation of "two kinds of production",with the development of productive forces,division of labor and private ownership came into being,and class struggle also showed an irreconcilable state,The state thus arose as a "power ostensibly above society";In the essence of the state,Engels from the perspective of political,economic,social and cultural demonstrates the national class,and points out that the country is "a class suppress another class machine","ideal total capitalist","and the separation of the people",and "the first dominance of ideological power";In the future development trend of the state,Engels has unprecedented drawn the historical conclusion of the inevitable demise of a country from the necessity and stage,necessity,inevitability and long-term,passivity and initiative.Because of this,Engels’ state thought exudes the transcendence,scientific,practical theoretical charm.Engels overcame the limitation and one-sidedness of the previous state thought,and realized the transcendence of the contract state view,the rational state view and the utopian state view.Engels took the materialist view of history as the theoretical guidance,the reality of capitalist society as the practical premise,the law of human history development as the historical basis,from the theoretical,practical and historical three angles to analyze the state problems,endowed the state thought with scientific;Engels’ s theoretical exploration did not stop at "critical weapons",but devoted himself to "criticism of weapons".Therefore,breaking the old state machine,establishing the dictatorship of the proletariat and striving for the realization of communism are the practical aspects of Engels’ state thought.Theory comes from reality,but it also cares about reality.Today,as the international situation is changing dramatically unseen in a century,profound changes have taken place in the world history,but Engels’ state thought is not out of date,and it still shows the strong theoretical vitality and the appeal of The Times.In theory,Engels’ state thought is the improvement and innovative development of Marxist state theory,which enriches the content of Marxist state theory.It provides reliable literature support for refuting the "Marx and Engels are opposite" and is conducive to restoring the original face of Marxist state theory.It has also laid the ideological foundation for the innovation of the contemporary Marxist theory of the state,which has been enriched and developed under different historical backgrounds and practical themes.In practice,Engels’ state thought guided the Communist Party of China to deepen its understanding of the law of governance,the law of socialist construction,and the law of human society development,and helped it open up a new realm of governance in contemporary China.Under the new historical conditions,adhering to and developing Engels’ thought on the State will help the CPC uphold the state system of the people’s democratic dictatorship,modernize state governance,comprehensively deepen reform,adhere to the people-centered development thought,and build a community with a shared future for mankind.