The Research On The Impact Of Non-cognitive Ability On The Labor Employment Quality

Human capital is the important factor for employment quality of worker,and1 it is the significant way to improving human capital development for enhance the employment quality of workers.In recent years,the efficiency of China’s human capital investment began to decline,which means the rapid education investment did not play ideal role improving the employment quality of workers.Therefore,it is necessary to find other channels and methods to make up for the defects of human capital investment which mainly focuses on education and training.The new human capital theory breaks away from modern human capital theory which takes education and training as the core of human capital formation path and puts forward the human capital analysis framework which takes ability as the core.In the analytical framework of the new human capital theory,the important value of non-cognitive ability has been widely concerned.Compared with cognitive ability,non-cognitive ability does not show an inevitable decline trend with the growth of individual age but has the characteristics of relatively stable in the middle and late life cycle of individuals.At present,developed countries represented by the United States have taken non-cognitive ability as an important target of national human capital investment.But the domestic exploration of the economic value of non-cognitive employment quality of workers needs to be deepened.Therefore,this thesis attempts to help the government.Enterprises,families and individuals seek to improve the employment quality of workers by analyzing the influence of non-cognitive ability on the employment quality of workers.In view of the existing problems in employment quality in China and the defects in relevant research,this study expands and supplements in the following four aspects.Firstly,this study analyzes the current situation of Chinese labor non-cognitive ability base on CFPS2018.Secondly,this study explored the influence law of non-cognitive ability on worker’s employment quality from two dimensions of subjective and objective indicators by analyzing the influence of non-cognitive ability on workers’ income level,employment stability and job satisfaction.Thirdly,this study explored the indirect influence of non-cognitive ability on the labor employment quality by analyzing the marginal effect difference of various types of non-cognitive ability profiles on the labor employment quality.Fourthly,in view of the current "35-year-old phenomenon" in China,this thesis systematically analyzes the influence of non-cognitive ability on the employment quality of workers aged16～35 and 36～64,showing the difference of influence of non-cognitive ability on the employment quality of workers at different stages of their career.The relevant conclusions based on the above research are as follows:(1)The analysis of the current situation of the Chinese labor non-cognitive ability shows that the Chinese labor non-cognitive ability presents the characteristics of high agreeableness-high conscientiousness-high extroversion and low openness-low emotional stability,influenced by the behavior style of the Chinese people,which is moderate,industrious,cheerful,conservative and temperate.The analysis of intergenerational differences shows that with the increase of birth years,the structural characteristics of Chinese labor non-cognitive ability characteristics have obvious structural changes.Agreeableness,conscientiousness and extroversion all show a downward trend,and openness shows an upward trend,while emotional stability is always at a low level and does not show an obvious upward trend.From the perspective of non-cognitive ability structure,potential profile analysis shows that the population with low emotional stability and high other types of non-cognitive ability profile accounts for the highest proportion,while the population with high emotional stability and low other types of non-cognitive ability accounts for the lowest proportion.With the birth years increasing,the proportion of the population with high open profile gradually decreased,the proportion of the population with high and medium emotional stability gradually increased,and the proportion of the population with low and medium emotional stability tended to be stable.(2)Research on the direct influence of non-cognitive ability on the labor employment quality shows that agreeableness,conscientiousness,emotional stability and openness have a direct impact on workers’ income in terms of income level which agreeableness is negatively correlated with income,while conscientiousness,emotional stability and openness are positively correlated with income.Meanwhile,the analysis based on the non-cognitive ability profile shows that the non-cognitive ability profile with low agreeableness and high emotional stability has a higher promoting effect on the income of workers than the non-cognitive ability profile with high openness and high conscientiousness in the current Chinese labor market.In terms of employment stability,emotional stability is an important non-cognitive ability that has a direct impact on the labor employment stability and Good emotional stability can help workers obtain jobs with higher stability and reduce the risk of unemployment,but it will also increase the frequency of workers changing jobs.But the analysis based on the non-cognitive ability profile shows that the non-cognitive ability profile with high emotional stability characteristics does not reduce the unemployment risk and job mobility of workers,because other types of non-cognitive ability can interfere with the ability of emotional stability to affect the labor employment stability.In terms of job satisfaction,conscientiousness and openness are the main non-cognitive abilities that affect job satisfaction and the profile of non-cognitive ability with high conscientiousness and high openness is more conducive to good job satisfaction.(3)The indirect influence of non-cognitive ability on employment quality shows that the profile of non-cognitive ability with high conscientiousness and high openness is more conducive to improving the marginal effect of education level on income and job stability,and more conducive to reducing the negative impact of work intensity on job satisfaction.However,too high agreeableness and too low emotional stability can weaken the ability of having a high conscientiousness-high openness non-cognitive ability profile to indirectly affect the labor employment quality.(4)The research on the influence of non-cognitive ability on the labor employment quality in different career stages shows that non-cognitive ability can have a stronger impact on the income of workers in the middle and late career,but it has a weaker impact on the employment stability and job satisfaction of workers in the early career.For specific performance,compared with the worker not over 35 years old,the types of non-cognitive abilities that affect the old income of worker over 35 years are more diverse,and the ability to influence emotional stability and openness is also significantly enhanced.However,the types of non-cognitive abilities that affect the frequency of job change,job stability and job satisfaction will be reduced to varying degrees,and the ability of emotional stability to affect the frequency of job change and job stability,and the ability of conscientiousness and openness to affect the job satisfaction of workers will also be decreased to varying degrees.