Research On The Poverty Reduction Effect Of Farmland Transfer In Poverty-stricken Areas

Rural poverty is a dynamic and relative concept,and is influenced by comprehensive factors such as natural resources endowment,social development and economic policy.In order to win the fight against poverty,the state has issued many effective poverty alleviation policies and poverty reduction measures,among which rural land system reform and rural land transfer policy are also included in the basket of poverty alleviation policies and poverty reduction measures.Rural land is not only the factor of production,but also the capital factor.Compared with the developed areas,it is more difficult for farmers to increase their income,and thus the rural land in poor areas has more rich connotation for farmers.The circulation of agricultural land is conducive to the optimization of land resources allocation and the improvement of labor productivity,which is the basic premise of moderate scale operation as well as an effective way to develop modern agriculture.According to the statistics of the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas,by the beginning of 2019,539 million mu of cultivated land has been transferred,accounting for 48.56% of the total area of land contracted by households.As an important means of rational allocation of agricultural resources,the circulation of agricultural land relates to many aspects,such as economy,society and ecology.However,the study on the poverty reduction effect of farmland transfer is relatively rare.The outflow of farmland can not only increase the property income of the outflow farmers through rent,share dividend,etc.,but also increase the wage income of labor transfer.The inflow farmers can obtain the income of operating income and scale,and also policy subsidy income.The transfer of agricultural land reduces the obstacles of land scale,and promotes the development of rural economy and new collective economy in rural areas.The circulation of agricultural land can increase income through "multi wheel drive" to reduce poverty.Therefore,how to optimize the circulation of agricultural land and effectively activate the land with capital elements is very important to promote the increase of farmers’ income in poor areas.Firstly,by combing the research literatures at home and abroad,combined with the classical theories such as property rights theory,land rent theory,scale economy,dual economic structure,this paper discusses the relationship between rural land transfer and poverty reduction effect in poor areas.Then,from the direct and indirect two perspectives,this paper explores the multiple poverty reduction effects of farmland transfer,and constructs the mechanism of farmland transfer on poverty reduction.Then,based on the analysis of the current situation of rural land transfer and poverty in poor areas,this paper constructs a multiple linear regression model to empirically analyze the poverty reduction effect of rural land transfer,uses the propensity score matching(PSM)model to empirically analyze the effect of rural land transfer on increasing farmers’ income and achieving poverty reduction,and uses intermediary effect model to empirically analyze how the Cultivation of new professional farmers’ effect the reduction of poverty and its intermediary effect,uses mixed model,two-way fixed effect model,quantile model and other models to analyze the poverty reduction effect of rural cooperative governance on farmers.The results show that: the transfer of agricultural land in poor areas helps to reduce the incidence of poverty,so as to achieve poverty reduction;The transfer of agricultural land can effectively promote the increase of farmers’ income;The transfer of agricultural land has a positive impact on the cultivation of new professional farmers,and the cultivation of new professional farmers has a complete intermediary effect in the path of the transfer of agricultural land affecting poverty reduction.Rural land transfer affects rural cooperative governance from the aspects of economic structure,social structure and public service demand,and the participation of organization in rural governance can improve the effectiveness of rural governance,which has the most obvious impact on increasing farmers’ income and reducing poverty.Finally,based on the empirical study of the effectiveness of poverty reduction,this paper discusses the internal mechanism of how to use the rural land transfer policy to achieve poverty reduction in poor areas,and puts forward some targeted policy suggestions.The possible innovations are as follows:(1)research content innovation.Most of the previous studies focused on the scale effect of farmland transfer in non poor areas.This paper discusses the poverty reduction effect of rural land transfer in poverty-stricken areas.(2)Research perspective innovation.The discussion on poverty reduction of rural land transfer in poverty-stricken areas mainly focuses on the single perspective of increasing farmers’ income.This paper studies the poverty reduction effect of rural land transfer in poverty-stricken areas from the multidimensional perspectives of increasing farmers’ income,cultivating new professional farmers,and rural cooperative governance,so as to provide theoretical basis for multiple poverty alleviation.(3)Innovation of research methods.This paper constructs propensity score matching(PSM)model,intermediary effect model and multiple linear regression model to analyze the poverty reduction effect of farmland transfer from different perspectives,which provides a new research method for the poverty reduction effect of farmland transfer,and has a certain degree of innovation.