| China has eliminated absolute poverty,but relative poverty will still exist for a long time,which needs to be included in the overall arrangement under the strategic framework of rural revitalization.Whether it is relative poverty or absolute poverty,it is essentially a measure of poverty under certain standards.Therefore,poverty alleviation is still an important issue for China.The development of rural industries is the key to solving the problem of rural poverty,and the integration of rural industries is an important strategic path for the development of rural industries in China at this stage.However,the integrated development of rural industries may face the constraints of regional endowments,farmers’ endowments,and farmers’ behaviors.As the western region is deeply impoverished in China’s rural areas,it is still unknown whether rural industrial integration can play a role in poverty alleviation,and its impact mechanism has not been systematically analyzed and empirically verified.The research of this paper aims to solve the above problems,in order to achieve a higher degree of overall development of rural industrial integration and rural poverty alleviation in the western region.Based on the above background,this paper uses the theory of industrial integration,agricultural multi-function theory,value chain theory,farmer endowment theory and anti-poverty theory as the theoretical basis,and then combines macro and micro perspectives to explore the impact of rural industrial integration in western China on rural poverty alleviation.This paper focuses on the following issues:(1)Build an overall quantitative measurement and evaluation system for the integration and development of western rural industries,according to the nature of interaction between industries contained in the integration of rural industries.(2)Analyze the mechanism of the impact of rural industrial integration on poverty alleviation from macro and micro perspectives,and put forward hypotheses combined with rigorous model derivation.(3)At the macroindustry level,empirically verify and analyze the hypothesis of the impact of rural industrial integration on poverty alleviation.(4)Construct a multi-dimensional poverty index system that conforms to the actual situation of rural poverty alleviation.(5)Classify the behavior of farmers participating in the integration of rural industries.(6)At the micro-farmer household level,empirically verify and analyze the hypothesis of the impact of rural industrial integration on poverty alleviation.In the overall quantitative measurement and evaluation of the degree of rural industrial integration development,this paper mainly uses the provincial yearbook data at the industry level.Based on the quantitative evaluation index system constructed,the coupling model and the entropy method are used to compare the development of the western,central,and eastern regions.In the empirical analysis at the macro level,this paper mainly uses statistical yearbook data to empirically analyze the impact of rural industrial integration on poverty alleviation in various regions by using Fixed-effect model,Quantile regression,Dynamic panel model and other quantitative methods,and then conduct robustness tests.Finally,stepwise regression,Sobel test and Bootstrap test were used to test the mediating effect to verify the effect mechanism.In the empirical analysis at the micro level,this paper designs a farmer household questionnaire to collect microscopic farmer household data from the sample areas.Then,based on the Logit model and Propensity score matching method,an empirical study is conducted to analyze the impact of farmers’ endowments on farmers’ participation in rural industrial integration,and the differential impact of different participation behaviors on farmers’ multidimensional poverty.(1)The overall development level of rural industrial integration in the western,central,and eastern regions is on the rise.Among them,the starting point of rural industrial integration in the western region is the lowest,but the growth rate is fast and the rise time is long,showing a greater potential for rural industrial integration.The eastern region has the highest starting point,but its degree of integration showed a gentle and stable trend earlier.The starting point of the central region is higher than that of the western region,and it also has a longer rising period.But it was overtaken by the western region in the later period.From the perspective of different types of rural industrial integration,the type of agricultural multi-functional expansion and integration in the western region has developed better,and has surpassed the central and eastern regions in the later period.The types of agricultural industrial chain integration and agricultural internal integration have been on the rise,and there is still much room for improvement.The penetration and integration of advanced elements is a relatively backward type of integration in the western region,and there is a big gap with the central and eastern regions.(2)From a macro perspective,the integrated development of China’s rural industries has a significant effect on alleviating rural poverty.From the perspective of regional heterogeneity,the poverty alleviation coefficient of rural industrial integration in the western region is the largest.Every 1% increase in the development level of rural industrial integration in the western region will significantly reduce the proportion of the local poor population by about 2.100%.This shows that rural industrial integration in the western region has had a very positive impact on poverty alleviation.The results of three robustness tests prove that the empirical conclusions are reliable.This is an important discovery in the field of industrial poverty reduction.The mediation effect analysis from the macro perspective shows that there are two ways for the integrated development of rural industries to alleviate rural poverty: increasing the rural economy and increasing the income of farmers.The analysis of the impact of different types of rural industrial integration in the western region on poverty alleviation shows that in addition to the penetration and integration of advanced elements,other integration types in the western region have played a significant role in poverty alleviation.(3)From a microscopic perspective,rural households in the western region have different levels of poverty in various multi-dimensional poverty indicator.Among them,the poverty incidence of the subordinate indicators of the education dimension is relatively high,and the poverty incidence of the subordinate indicators of the living standard dimension is also relatively high.The poverty incidence rates of farmers participating in rural industrial integration are lower than those of non-participants in all dimensions of poverty.And no matter how the multidimensional poverty threshold changes,the overall multidimensional poverty index of participating farmers is lower than that of non-participants.By participating in the integration of rural industries,the multidimensional poverty level of farmers can be reduced by 22.5%.From the perspective of various dimensions of poverty,rural industrial integration has a significant poverty reduction effect on all dimensions of poverty.However,in terms of the degree of influence,participation behavior has the greatest impact on poverty reduction in education,followed by life,income,and health.Rural industrial integration has differentiated multi-dimensional poverty reduction effects on farmers with different participation behaviors.From the perspective of household participation,operating agriculture-related service industries has a greater multi-dimensional poverty reduction effect on farmers,while agricultural production and primary processing of agricultural products only have an income poverty reduction effect.From the perspective of factor participation,the multi-dimensional poverty reduction effect of labor force participation is relatively large,while the multi-dimensional poverty reduction effect of land participation is relatively small and insignificant.The innovations of this paper mainly include the following points:(1)Different from previous studies from a single macroscopic or microscopic perspective,this paper combines the perspectives of macroeconomic growth and micro-farmer household behavior to analyze the mechanism of rural industrial integration in alleviating rural poverty,and uses macro-yearbook data and micro-farmer household survey data for empirical verification,which makes the research conclusions more convincing.(2)Based on the nature of inter-industry interaction contained in rural industrial integration,combined with the coupling degree model and the entropy method,this paper constructs an evaluation system that can measure the degree of rural industrial integration development as a whole.The system can use yearbook data to calculate year-by-year provincial regions at a constant price,improving the accuracy and objectivity of the measurement results.(3)This paper divides farmers’ participation in rural industrial integration into the participation of the whole family and the participation of production factors.The former is further divided into agricultural production,primary processing of agricultural products,and operation of agricultural-related service industries.The latter is further divided into labor force participation,land participation and capital participation.Then,a comparative analysis of the heterogeneous poverty reduction effects of different behaviors of farmers was also carried out.(4)This paper constructs a multi-dimensional poverty indicator system from the four dimensions of income,health,education and living standards.Compared with the indicators used by the United Nations Development Programme,the system not only increases the income dimension,but also extends and improves the connotation of each indicator,which is more in line with the actual situation of further poverty alleviation in China’s rural areas at the present stage. |
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