| China is in a critical period of entering the new normal of economic development.Facing the slow fading of the old driving force of economic growth,technological innovation has obviously become the new driving force of economic growth and the key to economic transformation.Therefore,accurately finding a path to improve technological innovation capability has become an urgent problem for our country.Under the background of the new era,the development of technological innovation capability depends not only on the "supply push" of factors such as R&D investment,but also on the "demand pull" of the domestic market.As a key factor affecting effective demand,the continued widening of income gap and uneven distribution will not only bring a severe test to the formation of Chinese "demand pulling mechanism",but also further affect the improvement of Chinese technological innovation level,and have a complex and profound impact on economic development.As a strategic leading industry for the development of the national economy,high-tech industry is undoubtedly a key industry that determines Chinese international economic status,scientific and technological competition level and comprehensive competitive strength.It is also an important guarantee to improve the level of national technological innovation and achieve the strategic goal of scientific and technological innovation.Therefore,studying the impact of income gap on the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry is of great significance to accurately find an effective way to improve the level of technological innovation and accelerate the construction of a new pattern of dual cycle development.In view of this,based on the analysis of the changing trend of the income gap of Chinese residents and the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry,this paper empirically tests the impact effect and transmission mechanism of income gap on technological innovation capability of high-tech industry by constructing a series of econometric models.It not only provides a more targeted basis for the policy formulation and adjustment of income distribution system reform,but also provides a reference for China to accurately find the path to improve the technological innovation capability.The main conclusions are as follows:Firstly,study the threshold characteristics of the impact of income gap on the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry.The first is to verify the nonlinear characteristics of the impact of income gap on the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry by constructing a dynamic panel regression model.The second is to use the threshold panel regression model to deeply investigate the specific changing trend of the "inverted U-shaped" relationship between them.The study found that the impact of income gap across the country and various regions on the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry all presented a significant "inverted U-shaped" change,and there was a single threshold effect.When the income of each region is at a low level,the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry will improve with the widening of income gap,and when the income level of each region exceeds its corresponding threshold,the continuous widening of income gap will inhibit the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry.China has entered the ranks of middle-income developing countries.Judging from the current resident income level and threshold value,the income level of residents in all regions of the country has crossed the threshold of the corresponding rising stage,and the impact of the income gap on the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry is in the declining stage of their respective "inverted U-shaped" curves.The above research shows that if the income gap continues to expand with the improvement of income level,it will restrict the development of technological innovation capability of high-tech industry.Therefore,China should narrow the income gap to form an "olive" income distribution structure with a relatively high proportion of middle-income groups,and then realize the innovation driven development strategy by increasing effective demand,and successfully overcome the "middle-income trap".Secondly,study the spatial spillover effects of income gap on the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry.The research samples are divided according to the threshold value of income level,and the spatial spillover effect of income gap on the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry at different income levels is deeply analyzed by constructing a spatial panel Durbin model.The research results show that the spatial spillover effect of income gap affecting the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry is a "double-edged sword",which produces effects in different directions according to changes of income level.In the stage of low income level,appropriately widening the income gap will promote the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry in this region and areas with similar economic development level at the same time,and in the stage of high income level,continuing to widen the income gap will hinder the development of technological innovation capability of high-tech industry in this region and areas with similar economic development.At the same time,there is obvious regional heterogeneity in the spatial spillover effect of income gap on the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry,and the spatial spillover effect in various regions of the country has different impacts with the increase of income level.Therefore,on the one hand,China should encourage the development of technological innovation capability of high-tech industry through the reform of income distribution system.On the other hand,we should also encourage the cooperation and exchanges between regions,so that each region can maximize the driving role in areas with similar economic development levels while improving its own technological innovation capability of high-tech industry.Finally,study the transmission mechanism of the income gap affecting the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry.By constructing a mediation effect model,the paper investigates the transmission mechanism of the impact of income gap on the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry through demand scale and consumption structure at different income levels.The study found that the demand scale and consumption structure are two effective transmission mechanisms for income gap to affect the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry.With the improvement of income level,these two transmission mechanisms both show nonlinear change characteristics of promoting first and then inhibiting in the process of income gap affecting the technological innovation capability of high-tech industry.Among them,the demand scale has always played a complete mediating role,the consumption structure has always played a partial mediating role,and the influence of consumption structure of urban residents has always been greater than that of the rural residents.At the same time,the transmission effect of the demand scale mechanism and the consumption structure mechanism has also been effectively verified in all regions.In addition,the proportion of the intermediary effect of the consumption structure of residents in all regions of the country has also changed to varying degrees with the improvement of income level.The above research shows that on the basis of adjusting and improving relevant tax policies,China should continue to increase government transfer payment and actively improve the social security system,so as to provide power for the development of technological innovation capability of high-tech industry by promoting the increase of demand scale and the upgrading of consumption structure. |
