Study On Mongolia-China Cross-border Port And Hub-and-spoke Logistics System

Mongolia is a vital hinterland market and source of mineral resources between China and Russia in the north and northeast Asia.It is the gateway country for the oil and gas network,goods trade between China and Russia,and a channel connecting China to Europe.From the perspective of Mongolia,China and Russia are not only markets but also land and sea routes to the world.Mongolia’s cross-border logistics system embodies its transportation,logistics,and trade infrastructure development in the context of the "Belt And Road" initiative and the "china-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor".Mongolia’s logistics system is constrained by its antiquated road network and scarce rail links,which have limited access to the China-Russian border.Mongolia’s exports of mineral,agricultural and pastoral resources are limited by transportation,logistics,and trade infrastructure.Through developing the China-Mongolia-Russia cross-border logistics system across Mongolia,establishing and improving railway and road infrastructure is an important way for Mongolia to realize trade with its neighbors and go global.It also explains how the present situation of the Mongolian economy is related to trade with neighboring countries and what sectors are affected by the development of logistics.China’s Belt and Road Initiative to facilitate the movement of transit goods through Mongolia,the trilateral Economic Corridor,being promoted jointly by Mongolia,the Russian Federation,and China,needs to be augmented by the creation of rail and road infrastructure along with the implementation of the requisite regulatory mechanisms.China is Mongolia’s neighbor,and the construction of the Silk Road will affect all aspects of Mongolian national policy,economy,technology and society.Therefore,this paper firstly studies Mongolia’s trade and cross-border logistics system,analyzes the development status and relevant policies of Mongolia’s economy,trade,logistics system and economic corridor,and puts forward the policy support,existing problems and future development blueprint in the development process of Mongolia-China crossborder logistics channel.Secondly,the importance of China-Mongolia land ports is analyzed based on entropy weight TOPSIS algorithm.Taking 13 ports adjacent to China and Mongolia as the research objects,the evaluation index system of the importance of Chinese and Mongolian ports is constructed from the level of China,Mongolia and comprehensive.The entropy weight method and TOPSIS analysis method were used to calculate the overall score and importance ranking of each port.From the weight ranking of influencing factors,it can be seen that policies and regulations significantly affect the results of cross-border logistics from Mongolia to China.In order to take advantage of transport economies of scale and cross-border railway transport projects,this paper takes Mongolia’s mining export as an example,establishes mathematical scale model of axle-spoke network,and optimizes the transport hubs of export-oriented inland countries.Based on the basic hub model,the multi-objective optimization technology is used to optimize the export transport hubs in landlocked countries.The effects of economic logistics costs,transportation pollution and energy consumption on network solutions are further studied.The experimental data were designed based on Mongolia’s existing mineral deposits,major cities and transportation distribution.The experimental results show that the optimization of Mongolia’s mineral export logistics network can significantly reduce the logistics cost and improve the utilization rate of resources.This study mainly has the following three points of contributions:1)In the context of the “Belt and Road Initiative” and the “China-Monglia-Russa Economic Corridor”,this study focuses on the Mongolia-China cross-border ports and logistics system,which contributes to the development of Mongolia-China relations and especially a way of developing the landlocked country.2)Based on entropy weight TOPSIS weight range simulation method was proposed after a random simulation experiment on the index weight range for each port of uncertain factors on the overall importance evaluation index sort of influence degree to improve the anti-risk ability of the port and the comprehensive competition ability is of great significance.3)The hub model based on using a multi-objective optimization technique extension model is established for five analysis programs,and the economic logistics costs,transportation pollution,and energy consumption influence on network solution were studied.