The Spatial Index Research & Exploration On 3-D GIS Database

Geographic spatial data is very import to GIS, it is a huge and complex project to build and maintain spatial database. Spatial object data has a strongly characteristic in spatial and time. As information, geographic information, of course, includes the basic concepts of the information, while GIS is different from other general information, its storage and retrieval processing is different from the general information processing, so the index structure is different from other general information. Over the past decade, researches on the spatial index structure is increasing, in general,that can be categorized as R tree, four quad tree structure, which are mostly used in 2-dimensional GIS for the spatial indexing problems, but 3D GIS spatial index problems are rarely studied.The paper deeply analysis of the current situation of the development of three-dimensional GIS, summaries the main application of the current three-dimensional data indexing techniques, compared different three-dimensional data index applicability. The paper study three-dimensional indexing techniques in detail and focus on the R tree and eight quad tree spatial indexes, and on this basis, build a composite index model in according to application.Finally, the paper completes an experimental model thought the knowledge above, gets a method to specific application, and testes the method. The innovation of this paper is no longer limited to a specific index using a method of spatial data query and analysis, but using a variety of technical means. The combination of different search methods solves a particular aspect of application better.