| China is one of the countries facing the problem of water crisis, especially in the Northwest China and in Loess Plateau. Water pollution issues are very serious at the same time in the areas. Both water deficiency and pollution have resulted in obvious ecological degradation and environmental problems. All of them have become the main restrict factors for the sustainable utilization of water resource and economic development in China. Over-exploitation of water has also become normal phenomena. Then the ecological degradation and environmental issues are getting worse, which has attracted people's attention to the relationship among water resources, ecology and environment as well as sustainable water development.River basin is an integrated ecological system. Since it consists of many other ecological systems, the changes on qualities and quantities of water will lead to the structure and function change of the whole ecological system. The changes have been led by the activities of Human Beings, which including of ecological degradation and environmental problems. And more attentions have been put on those changes. So the researches of the eco-environmental water and the consumption of eco-environmental water have been the hotpoints and forelands in the future.In this thesis, the studies focusing on the main ecological and environmental issues in water problems, with the YanHe Basin as study area, the ecological and environmental water demand of YanHe Basin was calculated. The economic water demand in industry, agriculture and living in 30 years later was forecasted. Therefore it has great significance for the progress of Hydrology and Geography. Its also can be a case study for ecological protection and the sustainable utilization of water resource in Loess Plateau and in Northwest China in practice. The main results are as follows:(1) The importance of eco-environmental water is emphasized, especially in Loess Plateau;(2) The concept, classification, researching advances of eco-environmental waterand the calculating method of consumption of eco-environmental water is introduced;(3) On the basis of classification of ecosystems, the consumption of eco-environmental water outside YanHe channel was calculated;(4) Considering the functions of water resource, the consumption of eco-environmental water inside YanHe channel was amended;(5) By the use of the conception and the model of the development threshold, the degree of water resource's exploitation and utilization in YanHe basin was achieved, which expressed that the current condition belongs to a kind of sustainable development pattern;(6) The future 30 years 's economic water demand was forecasted, which is based on the consumption of the eco-environmental water;(7) Based on the ecological and environmental problems in YanHe basin, some advice was pointed out.This thesis consists of seven parts. The first part is the connotation and definition of the eco-environmental water. The second part is the importance and necessity of the eco-environmental water in arid and semi-arid areas. The third part is the nature and social characteristics of YanHe Basin. The fourth part is the classification of the ecological systems of YanHe Basin. The fifth part is the calculation of the consumption of the eco-environmental water demand of YanHe Basin. The sixth part is the forecasting of economic water demand in 30 years later in YanHe Basin based on the research of the eco-environmental water demand. The last part is the discussion and advice.
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