On The Calculation And Analysis Of Ecological Footprintof The Chinese Provincial Regions

The evaluation of sustainable development has always been the important content of the study of sustainable development. Many kinds of index systems that measure the level of regional development have been provided since the concept of sustainable development was put forward. As one of the new methods, ecological footprint (EF) becomes popular in recent years on account of the measuring indexes based on scientific theory, innovative thought-way and it's wide adaptability. This paper calculates the EF of the 31 Chinese provincial regions on the base of the theory of this new method. Then the new index is combined with other indexes reflecting the economy and population to show the synthetic situation of development. This paper is divided into six parts.The first part is preface. The analysis method of EF is popular in foreign study. But the study of this method in our country began not long ago. This part points out the studying goal and designs the flow chart of this paper.The second part puts forward the analysis method of EF. The main content includes the evolvement and development of the idea of sustainable development and the evaluation method of sustainable development and the though-way of the analysis method of EF. The third part is on the review of the study of EF in China. On the analysis of the calculation process of ecological demand and ecological capital and correlative application, this paper praises the combination of GDP and EF index and puts forward the improvement on the method.The fourth part is the calculation of the EF of the 31 Chinese provincial regions in 2001. On the theory of EF, this part selects the unitary indexes and calculates the 31 provinces including the ecological demand and ecological capability and ecological deficit/ remainder. The multiple crop index is used in the calculation to make the consult more accurate.The fifth part is the analysis of the EF of these provinces. Relations between EF, resources utilization, and the situation of sustainable are analyzed. Of the 31 provinces,there are 2 provinces sustainable in development in province scale and national scale and 17 provinces sustainable in national scale but unsustainable in province scale and 12 provinces unsustainable in province scale and national scale. The distribution of ecological demand and ecological capability and ecological deficit /remainder and the ecological demand of GDP shows the gradual change from southeast to northwest. This part puts forward the consume structure of ecological demand and holds that the great difference of the consume structure of biology and energy resources is relative with the distribution of resources and the economic level of regional economy. Based on the EF, the synthetic pressure exponent of sustainable development and ecological pressure exponent are advanced. The region development comes under the pressure of ecology, economy, population and society development at the same time, which are not in equilibrium in different regions.The sixth part is conclusion.