The Effect Of The Cadmium Pollution On Population Health

Objective To study the health status of the people resided in cadmium polluted area in Zhenghe of Fujian province, especially the female reproductive health, so as to provide scientific evidence for the laboratorial studies and to explore the relationships between cadmium pollution and its adverse effects on population health.Methods The character of the death spectrum and the female reproductive health of the people in Cd-pollution area were studied and compared with those in control areas in Fujian, to evaluate the effect of Cd-pollution On the population health and the female reproductive health. Meanwhile, the cadmium concentration, the beta(2)-microglobulin(P 2~M) and the N acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase(NAG) in urine were measured to evaluate the exposure to the cadmium and the adverse effect on population health. Results:part I:the Effect on the death spectrum: Both the infant mortality rate and the premature delivery rate in the polluted area are higher than those in unpolluted areas in Zhenghe. The standardized mortality rate of malignancy tumor and the neonatal disease are higher than those in the unpolluted area. The death spectrum in polluted area is different from that both in the unpolluted area in Zhenghe and other mountain districts in Fujian province. Part II:the Effect on the population health: The incidence rates of headache, dizzy, inappetence, cough and asthma in Cd-pollution area are significantly higher than those in control area (P<0. 05) ; the incidence rates of peptic ulcer disease, bronchitis and urinary system concretion also higher than those in control area.Univariate logistic regression analysis shows that the risk factors of the chronic diseases are living in Cd-pollution area, old age and drinking much;women have lower risk of the chronic disease than men; the people with low-education have more risk of suffering the chronic diseases than those with high-education; eating beans and marine products frequently is benefit to avoiding chronic diseases.Cumulative odds model analysis shows that the risk factors of the bad health state are living in Cd-pollution area, old age and smoking much; women are at risk in chronic disease less than men; eating beans frequently is good for health.Part III:the Effect on the female reproductive health: The age of menarche in Cd-pollution area is younger than that in control area (P<0. 05) The rate of the abnormality of menstrual cycle and dysmenorrhea in non-married women are significantly higher in Cd-pollution area than in control area (P<0. 05) ;The rate of sterility in married women are significantly higher in Cd-pollution area than in control area (P<0. 05) , during the first two pregnancy the rates of the queasiness, disgorgement, abortion and stillbirth in married women are significantly higher in polluted area than in control area (P<0. 05) . Part IV laboratorial information: The average level of the urinary Cd in Cd-pollution area is higher than both the critical value and that in control area; the average levels of the @2-M and NAG are higher than those in the control area; the abnormity rates of the urinary Cd and NAG are significantly higher in pollution area; the abnormity rates of anyone of the three(urinary Cd, @2-M and NAG), two of them are all significantly higher in the pollution area.Conclusions: The health state and the female reproductive health of the people resided in the polluted area have already been influenced by the cadmium pollution.