Study On The Application Of MBO In The Field Of Environmental Management And The Establishment Of Its System

MBO (Management By Objectives), considered as one kind of advanced management idea, is used widely and successfully in the field of business management. At the same time, MBO has vigorous vitality and enormous potentiality in the field of administrative management, especially in the respect of environmental management. On the other hand, scientific, normalized and high effective EMS( Environmental Management System) is required to adapt to the development of economic and society and the variation of environmental protection situation. Starting from this point, this study explored systematically the application of MBO idea in the field of environmental management and established a fundamental framework of EMBO( Environmental Management By Objectives).According to MBO idea, this study expatiated that improving environmental quality and eco-environment should be settled as the total objective for environmental management. Firstly, the difference and relation between this two objectives was analyzed from theirs concept and the necessity of concurrence of pollution prevention and cure( i.e. improving environmental quality) and ecological protection( i.e. improving eco-environment) in current environmental management in China was explained. Secondly, two assessment models were constructed respectively in response to the characteristics of two total objectives. The method of fuzzy multiple comprehensive assessment was applied in the assessment to environmental quality. Two points of improvement were made to the methods of the determination of fuzzy subordinativity and the analysis to the vector of assessment result related to environmental quality assessment. In the assessment to eco-environment, the synergism and the equilibrium constraint mechanics of three-dimensional complex system including economy, society and environment system was analyzed and AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process),one kind of assessment method to eco-environment was introduced.The research to the operation of EMBO system is the core of this study. Using the principle of game theory, it was demonstrated that improving the efficiency of environmental management can promote polluters to reduce the discharge of pollutant and cure the pollution, which will improve environmental quality. Through the analysis to positioning of EMBO system, the model of environmental administration was suggested. Based on the analysis to the role of economic measures, the contribution of some measure to realizing object, such as pollutant discharge feeing, total amount control, developing recycle economy, fostering perfect market mechanism for environmental protection industry, was discussed and how to realize these measures in EMBO was suggested. The possibility of the combination of EMBO system and ISO14001 EMS( Environmental Management System) was discussed and the way of combination was expounded in detail.At last, based on the experience of Tianjin Environmental Protection Bureau with searching and practicing EMBO in the past years, the performance of EMBO was analyzed, which included the improvement of environmental quality, the forming of double-win situation between economy and environment, the strengthening of comprehensive environmental management ability and the enhancing of internal and external supervision mechanism.