The Study On Character And Health Evaluation Of Wetland Ecosystem In Shouguang City

Wetland is an ecosystem with particular structure and function, it can not only supply people with lots of producers' goods and consumer goods, but also has ecological functions, such as storing floodwater and fighting a drought, depurating contamination, regulating climate and so on. But the human exploration with little reasoning and planning impacted the natural material cycle and energy flowage of the wetland, and destroyed the intrinsic component and organic structure. The wetland could not fully exert its ecological functions, and badly harmed the ecosystem health. So it is a hotspot in the world to research the ecological process, structure, functions and health evaluation of wetland.Shouguang City locates on the southern coastal plain of Laizhou Bay, and it holds abundant types of wetland, however, there is a lack of research on the wetland. Based on lots of field review and correlative date, the paper analyzed the ecological structure and function character, and evaluated the ecosystem health of the wetland in Shouguang City. The paper includes :1. The composing and structure characters of the wetland in Shouguang CityThe paper analyzed both the biological constitution character and the inorganic one of the wetland, and marked the wetland ecology off many types, they are river, lake, swamp, coastal wetlandCconsists supratidal zone, intertidal zone and subtidal zone), false water area( reservoir, hourglass and pond), manual salt marsh (brine pan, shrimp and crab rearing pond) and man-made reeds swamp. As the energy flowage a masterstroke, the paper protracted the energy flowing mode of wetland ecology in Shouguang City, and analyzed its nutrition structure character.2. The function characters of the wetland in Shouguang CityThe unitary function of wetland ecology in Shouguang City mainly includes regulating water, decontaminating water quality, supplying goods, improving salina, ecological touring and protecting beach. Based on the systematic theory, the paper analyzed the characteristic of the wetland water system, and estimated its capacity of regulating water by calculating the water storage capability of both wetlands'surface and underground, and summarized the changes of the function by contrasting the drought and waterlog since the last three hundred years. The paper contrasted the water quality of both the entrance and the exit of the man-made reeds swamp, and then calculated the rate of decontamination and the quantity of the contamination that has been wiped off by the swamp, and some underlying matter of thewetland was analyzed. Considering the yields of the wetlands'goods, the individual weight change of the wetland sensitive species and the distributing of other creatures, the paper roundly showed the goods producing character of the wetland which under the influence of human being. From the changes of the land using after the man-made reeds swamp was built, we can see the trend of the environment succession, and this illuminated the wetland function of improving salina. The paper also recommended the function of ecological touring and protecting beach.3. The health evaluation of wetland ecosystem in Shouguang CityBased on the characters of the composing, structure and function of the wetland ecosystem in Shouguang City, the paper evaluated the health of the wetland by using fuzzy comprehensive judging model. The connotation and correlative theories of wetland health were first expatiated here. According to interrelated fundamental, the paper selected twenty three indexes from the ecological character, unitary function and the society environment of the wetland, and then established an indicator system for ecosystem health evaluation of wetland in Shouguang City. The indicator system includes monomial index, subtype index and composite index, and each index measures off four grades according to corresponding standard, the grades are excellent health, health, subhealth and illness. The paper established subject degree of each grade for each index and formatted matrix of judgment, an...