Source Apportionment For Inhalable Particles In The City Atmosphere

With the rapid development of the economic and material life day by day, it is the urgent need to maintain ecological environment and improve environmental quality more and more. Some research achievements have indicted already: inhalable particles in the atmosphere have important influence on human health and ecological environment. Among the cities which exceed standard of the air quality, 68% of them exist the problems of inhalable particles pollution. At present, already known the health influence of PM2.5 included: Aggravate the death rate of the disease and chronic patients; Make the respiratory system and systematic disease of heart worsen; Change lung function and structure; Change the immune structure, etc. Recently, many country have researched on inhalable particles, especially put emphases on their behaviors of physical and chemical,the mechanisms of their forming and polluting,controlling technologies and their influence on human health. Coal is a main kind of energy source in China, and inhalable particles from the coal combustion will bring great pollution to the environment. Therefore, it is an urgent task to strengthen the basic research on inhalable particles, and construct the synthetically appraisal system in our science fields, which have important science and practice meaning.In this thesis, inhalable particles' physical and chemical characteristics and forming process, and their measurements in the atmosphere of the city are preliminarily studied. On one hand, from the angle of the theory, according to the data obtained from urban and suburb samplings including coarse and fine particles, Chemical Mass Balance method based on receptor model has been applied to identify sources of inhalable particles. On the other hand, from the experiment angle, we try to find out appropriate collecting and analyzing methods for inhalable particles in the city. TSP-PM10-PM2.5 sampler made in Beijing geological instrument plant is used to collect inhalable particles for next analysis. And physical and chemical characteristics of TSP/PM10/PM2.5 are qualitatively described, providing the theoretical foundation for inhalable particles' controlling, establishing the foundation for emission standards and environmental protection regulations. Finally, from the source apportionment for inhalable particles in the city atmosphere, we can see that inhalable particles are the main atmosphere pollution in environment of the city, especially emitted from coal combustion. So the emphases and direction for next study should be put on inhalable particles emitted from coal combustion.