| This paper is based primarily on the phenomenon of rapid thermal powerdevelopment in Inner Mongolia at the end of the 10th five –year Plan Period, takesustainable development as leading thoughts, link the economy, energy andenvironment organically with the elasticity ratio of energy, research theenvironmental impact of the thermal power development in Inner Mongolia at theregional level.The national environmental impact assessment (EIA) control ofproposed projects is at the project management level, and the thermal power plantprojects in Inner Mongolia from 2004 to 2005 had not been planning to carry outan Plan EIA. As the promulgating of the "Environmental impact assessment lawof the people's republic of China" and implementing of "Decision of StateCouncil on the implementation of scientific development view to strengthenenvironmental protection" and other documents, we are soberly aware of theimportance of economic development in harmony with the environment, also feltthat the environmental impact assessment at project level is not easy to controlthe environmental impact of the thermal power plant projects at the regionalcluster-style development in Inner Mongolia at the end of the 10th five –year PlanPeriod.From the perspective of scientific development view, it should be equal theimportance of environmental protection with economic growth, and makecomprehensive use of legal, economic, technical and administrative solutions tothe necessary environmental problems and ultimately achieve harmoniouseconomic development and environmental protection in the course of humandevelopment and progress. By this development view, people should take theenvironmental impact of economic activity into account initiatively and considercarrying capacity of the environment and resources in different area.However, thecluster-style development of the thermal power plant projects in Inner Mongoliafrom 2004 to 2005 indicates that the impact to the environment and resourceswasn't considered much in regional economic development, and theenvironmental impact of the thermal power plant projects was controlled throughthe environmental impact assessment and the total emission control (TEC) ofsulfur dioxide emissions by the state environmental protection administration.Therefore, a series of related issues such as the EIA control level of the thermalpower plants proposed in Inner Mongolia from 2004 to 2005, the level ofeconomic development and energy consumption in Inner Mongolia at the end ofthe 10th five –year Plan Period, and the environmental impact of the thermalpower production in Inner Mongolia during the 11th five –year Plan Period, is thenecessary questions and the main questions studying of the phenomenon of rapidthermal power development in Inner Mongolia, the answers of these questionscan help to research the sustainable development strategy in Inner Mongolia.The Inner Mongolia is chosen as the case study area in which 60 thermalpower projects are proposed to carry out in 2004-2005. This paper collects therelevant data from the EIA statements of these proposed projects, and obtain thedata about economic development and energy use from the Inner MongoliaStatistical Yearbook, China Electric Power Yearbook and China's Inner MongoliaStatistical Yearbook during the 10th five –year Plan Period, the research includethe following contents :Firstly, study the current levels of pollutants control, coal consumption andwater use and saving in the project EIA of thermal power plant projects. Theanalyzing results indicate that the total emission control of sulfur dioxideemissions and water consumption control measures are feasible. In the conditionof the installed capacity increasing by 3.3×107kW, the amount of SO2 wouldonly increase 8kt/a, even though all of the projects would be carried out. By themeans of utilization of the urban water and mine drainage, the amount of freshwater saved would exceed 1×108t/a. However, the environmental impactassessment at project level is the bottom of the decision-making in the"policy-planning-plan-project",the control and guide capacity to the developmentof thermal power remained inadequate, with significant limitations.The proposedthermal power projects demand index of the total emission control of sulfurdioxide emissions,of which is lack, and demand considerable water supplies,which will worsen the local problem of lacking of water resource. As a majorexport region of energy resource, the Inner Mongolia deserves the developmentin a sustainable manner. The suggestion put forward in the paper is that the PlanEIA should be employed more extensively and taken into the consideration of theindex of recycle economy.Secondly, the paper study the economic development model and theharmony level between the economic and environment. The normal value ofelasticity ratio of energy (0.5) is find through investigation of decades ofelasticity ratio of energy at home and abroad. Compared the China's energydevelopment during the 10th Five-Year Plan period with the normal value ofelasticity ratio of energy, we found the former significantly exceeded the latter.This phenomenon indicates that the China's economy development depended onenergy at a high level, and gave great pressure on the environment and resources.There are objective reasons such as the high-energy industries expanded rapidly,industrial change, residents living energy consumption rapid growth for thisphenomenon, but it is undeniable that the rapid growth of China's economy inrecent years is based on substantive consumption of energy and raw materials,and the mode of economic growth is still very extensive, and resulted in theenergy supply and demand gap widening, energy prices rising and transportationconstraints.Compared the energy development in Inner Mongolia during the 10thFive-Year Plan period with the China's energy development during the sameperiod and the normal value of elasticity ratio of energy, and it can be found thatthe elasticity ratio of energy production was large, and the elasticity ratio ofenergy consumption has come down. It shows that the energy production andoutput was large, so it's necessary to make energy production plan in reason. Italso shows that the energy consumption view in Inner Mongolia has changed andthe consumption patterns haschanged fundamentally. Compare Inner Mongolia'senergy consumption by industrial branch with the national energy consumption, itcan be found that the proportion of industrial energy consumption iscomparatively large, and the proportion of residents living energy consumption iscomparatively small, the proportion of manufacturing energy consumption iscomparatively small, black metal smelting and rolling processing industry inInner Mongolia excessively share of the manufacturing sector. And the largeproportion of high-energy industries, is not conducive to the regional economicdevelopment model upgrade.It can be found that the main cause of the steady decline in the InnerMongolia energy consumption is the stable elasticity ratio of thermal powerproduction. However, the thermal power development in Inner Mongolia at theend of the 10th Five-Year Plan Period is rapid, and the proportion of high-energyprojects is large in the list of priority investment projects published by theDevelopment Reform Commission in Inner Mongolia. Therefore, a new round ofdisorderly development of high-energy industries that triggered by the rapiddevelopment of thermal power has great possibilities.Thirdly, the environmental impact and resource pressures bringed with theelectricity production is forecasted and discussed in 3 kinds of scene withdifferent speed of thermal power development, and the value of the atmosphericpollutants production and emission, and the coal resources consumption is educed.Through analysis of the environmental impact and the compare of the 3 scenes, itdeems that the elasticity ratio of thermal power production should be controlledbelow 2.5 and downwards to 1.5. According to this kind of development, coalconsumption by thermal power production will be 140 million t/a, SO2 emissionswill be about 0.7 million t/a, NOX emissions will be about 0.6 million t/a, thevolume of energy consumption and pollution discharge in 2008 will increase 40%to 200% than 2004. The value of SO2 emissions from thermal power generationsector is accounted for about 55% of the total, the value of SO2 emissionsforecased is 1.37 million t/a, and will overstep the index of the total emissioncontrol of sulfur dioxide emissions which is 0.62 million t/a. Such a kind ofthermal power generation development remains an unconventional rapiddevelopment, there are risks such as re-emergence of high-energy industries andsmall coal disorderly construction. Therefore, the elasticity ratio of energyconsumption should be control strictly to maintain the value of 0.5 reached in2004. To achieve this goal, we should insist the changing of economicdevelopment model, take energy consumption reducing and industrial structureadjusting into account as the development strategic.
|
PDF Full Text Request