Prevention And Management Of Livestock Excretion Contamination In Jiangsu

This paper discussed issues about the contaminations from livestock excretions and relevant preventions measures in ecologic agricultural development in Jiangsu Province, based on field survey and the author's long-term engagements in agricultural extension works.The consumptive structures changed rapidly owing to economic development and improvement of living conditions. As a result, soaring meat consumption, including eggs, made livestock developed very quickly and became a pillar industry in rural economy. In recent 20 years, livestock industry in Jiangsu witness two changes, one is the intensive feeding methods with expanding scales, and other is the differentiation of livestock distributions, elite feeding concentrated in southern Jiangsu while large-scale market-oriented feeding concentrated in northern Jiangsu. With increased urbanization, many livestock farms, used to be in suburb, were surrounding by towns and became contaminative sources without decontaminating function from croplands.The main contaminations from livestock included animal excretions, offal, wastewater or gas from slaughtering. In recent years, managements of waste materials in livestock lagged behind feeding industry. Animal excretions became main contaminative sources of air, water, soil and life forms, jeopardizing ecologic environment and rural living conditions, as well as sustainable development of livestock industry.Many counties had established laws made animal excretion contamination under control. China National Bureau of Environment Protection had enacted series law on this issue, basing on Chinese practices as well as international experiences, and Provincial regulations were also set down. In Jiangsu, relevant regulations, administrative or technical measures were put into practices, concluded as decrease- oriented, innocuity- oriented, resource- oriented and ecology- oriented. Depended on some technical measures, including desiccation, deodorization and zymolysis, animal excretions could be translated into organic fertilizers, foodstuffs, mash gases, and so on. Jiangsu Province was especially advanced in comprehensive applications of mash gas. Since 2001, Project "To Be Wealthy in Ecologic Farmhouses" has been extended in northern Jiangsu, described as "One Pool Three Reconstructions", which means to build a mash gas pool, reconstruct kitchen, lavatory and animal house. After several years' extension, the ecologic environment in rural...