The Synthesis And The Application Of Cationic Polymer Flocculant

Acryloxyethyl-trimethylammonium chloride(DAC) is a new cationic quarternary ammonium salt monomer. The copolymer P(AM/DAC),copolymerized with acrylamide (AM),with cationic charge has obvious charge neutrallyzation, is widely used as flocculant, paper-making additive, third petroleum extraction and so on in industry. The paper studies AM and DAC as monomer, copolymerize a new type of cationic polymer flocculants(CPF) through aqueous solution polymerization, inverse emulsion polymerization and inverse microemulsion polymerization, then studies how to improve solid content by aqueous solution polymerization, ascertain the system and kinetics of inverse (micro)emulsion polymerization and technological conditions. The second polymerization is emphasis.Firstly, choose redox system as initiator, deduce the temperature of polymerization so as to improve molecular weight and solid content. Reaction temperature, initiator concentration, monomer concentration on the intrinsic viscosity ([η]) of polymer was studied by the experimental design of singlefactors and orthogonalization. The best reactive condition is achieved. The solid content of P(AM/DAC) reaches to 45% through the method of adding initiator.The type of emulsifiers is ascertained through the value of EO, the adaptation of solubility parameter and experience. The oil phase, O/W and the value of emulsifiers'HLB are ascertained on stability of emulsion. Inverse emulsion polymerization of AM/DAC has been carried out with Span80 and Tween20 as complex emulsifier, liquid paraffin as the continuous medium and potassium persulfate/sodium bisulfite as the initiator. The kinetic equation is R_p∝[M]^1.24[E]^0.33[I]^0.73,[η]∝[M]^0.67[E]^-0.13[I]^-2.55, the activation energy of reaction E is 47.46 kJ/mol.The influence of the type and content of emulsifiers, cosurfactants and sodium salt on the solubilization capacity in inverse microemulsion polymerization is studied, so as to ascertain the system of inverse microemulsion. The singlefactor experiment is studied on the content of monomer, initiator and emulsifier. Product is a latex polymer with good stability and flowability.The structure of P(AM/DAC) confirmed by IR. There is no dramatic difference between the size of the initial monomer droplets and the final inverse latexes according to LLS and optics microscope, indicating that the polymerization is homogeneous droplets nucleation. rAM=0.17, rDAC=1.83 though elementary analysis, this result is identical with the test by XRD, indicating that the cation in copolymerization by inverse emulsion polymerization is more uniformity than it by aqueous solution polymerization. The COD removal efficiency by P(AM/DAC) is 94.9% in the test of dyeing waste water and sludge.