Study In Evaluation Of Ecological Vulnerability

Ecological degeneration has become one of the most important factors restrict sustainable development in Yimeng mountain Area. Because of natural conditions and artificial factors, a series of ecological and socioeconomic problems come into being, including aggravation of soil and water loss, expanse of desertification area, plant degradation, reduction of biological diversity, soil degradation, long-term poverty, and so on. Therefore, it is in great need to evaluate the ecological vulnerability in this region, which can make great sense to accelerate ecological conservation and implement sustainable development.This study started with analyzing the characteristics and reasons of eco-environmental, it mainly focused on how to evaluate the vulnerability synthetically, and finally put forward countermeasures to recover the degraded ecology.Firstly, using recent natural and socioeconomic data, we found out the vulnerable characteristics in Yimeng mountain area, including matrix vulnerability resulting from natural basis, interface vulnerability resulting from complicated transition of ecotone landscape , and fluctuation vulnerability resulting from the spatial-temporal differences of climate.Secondly, we established index system to evaluate ecological vulnerability in Yimeng mountain area. 18 index were selected, including Aridity index, mean annual temperature, accumulated temperature (≥10℃), mean annual rainfall, soil erodible factor, rainfall erosivity, forest coverage, per capita cultivated land, slope, soil erosion rate, per capita GDP, value added of the secondary industry, rural per capita net income, value added of the primary industry, per capita grain yield, Engel Coefficient, life expectancy at birth, and illiteracy rate. Under the support of Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS), Spatial Principal Components Analysis (SPCA) was used to calculate the ecological vulnerability in Yimeng mountain area and the result is 0.487. Based on the classification levels, the Yimeng mountain area was dominated by moderate vulnerability, light and intense vulnerability also occupied higher percentage. The three levels accounted for 93.96%. There were great differences in vulnerable extent between regions. Yanzhou City dominated by faint vulnerability, Donggang District, Qufu City, Linyi City, Tengzhou City, Tancheng County and Zaozhuang City were all dominated by light level, Mengyin County, Ju county, Fei County, Wulian County, Zoucheng City, Cangshan County and Weishan County, Junan County were dominated by moderate level, and the other 8 counties (cities or districts) are all dominated by intense level.Based on the result of ecological vulnerability evaluation, constructive countermeasures were put forward to improve the ecology and make it run well in Yimeng mountain area. Firstly, we should take scientific development theory as our guiding ideology for the harmonious development of economy and ecology. Then constitute monitor and management system of ecological construction. Thirdly, we should reform and perfect political system. Fourthly, we should scientifically make planning acts when implementing ecological conservation. Fifthly, we should harmonize the relationship between people and nature. Sixthly, we should plan and develop local economics reasonably. Seventhly, we should take small watershed as unit to recover ecology. Eighthly, we should strengthen spreading recovery technique and enhancing innovative ability. Finally, we should build pre-alarm and prevention system of ecological management.