A Study On China's Occupational Safety Regulation

Since 1970s, along with the relaxation and reform of the economic regulation in the developed western countries, gradually, the social regulation has attracted increasing attention. The public pay attention to the health, safety, environment and other social issues, urge the regulatory organization to extend to the social sphere. For example, since the 1970's, the United States set up the Consumer Product Safety Commission, Environmental Protection Agency, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, committed to the health, safety and environmental protection and other social problems of government regulation. Government safety regulations aimed at reducing or eliminating the negative externalism and the negative internality. Since the 1980s, in the western state regulations, the system of social regulation, as an increasingly large percentage, has become a hot topic in economics. With the economic and social development, the requirements about their life, health continues to improve, the problem of occupational Safety get more attention, In modern times, the industrial revolution in the creation of huge economic wealth, it has also brought a series of negative effects, as in the workplace have a direct threat to the life and health of workers the safety issues is very typical. Despite such problems in the process of industrialization is inevitable, but the control and reduction of occupational injuries, Relief suffered occupational injuries of workers, protect job security, in any democracy, the rule of law, health, harmonious society, it must attach great importance to the socio-economic issues, so it has become the important areas of implementation of social regulation. Since the 20th century, since the mid-1990s in 10 years, the rapid economic growth in China lurks behind the enormous social costs, This is because, the economic policies of our market efficiency as the center, pursuit of investment and GDP growth have failed to market imperfections or increase the cost of the amendment and make up, which leads to economic growth and social development imbalances That is the effect of the external market. Among them, the increasingly grim occupational safety and health situation is a typical result in China's economic and social development imbalance. In view of the Occupational Safety and the grim situation, this paper is based on the country, and outside of the Occupational Safety Regulation of existing research results, it is a systematic study of the issue. First, from the theory expounded on the issue of occupational safety for social regulation of necessity Then sort out our legislation on occupational safety and regulation of the institutional development in three stages Then on my job description of the security situation on the basis of the cause of this situation causes a detailed analysis Finally in learning from the developed countries for the implementation of the Occupational Safety and social issues regulation on the basis of experience. Making a number of policy recommendations Regulation This paper comprises six parts.The first part is the literature. It summarized the study states on occupational safety of recent domestic and international. Foreign scholars focused on the regulation of occupational safety effects of Empirical Research They ignored the reasons for government regulation, the functions of government. Although, the domestic scholars have noticed the importance of the issue, from either theoretically be described, not the start convincing empirical analysis; or evidence-based analysis, fewer theoretical groundwork. And existing research focused on specific sectors. For example, the occupational safety research of coal industry is targeted mainly OSHMS in our practical application; as for the policy on the system, or perfect legal advocate, or advocating for increased safety input beforehand. These studies have not been able to regulate social system in our country in terms of occupational safety problem in a comprehensive and systematic analysisThe second part from the general theory of social regulation, analyze the theoretical basis of occupational safety regulations. From the negative externalities, internal and occupational safety is a matter of the most basic survival, 3 points out the problem of occupational safety regulations and the need to bear compulsory.The third part, analyze the three stages of occupational safety legislation and the regulation of the establishment and development: respectively, first Legislative and Regulations of the system was first built (20th Century 50-80 years) period; China's occupational safety legislation peak period and regulations to improve the system (in 1992 an 2000); China's occupational safety legislation and the regulation of the continual refinement (2001-present).Part IV describes the China Occupational Safety Status, The data show a series of occupational safety situation in China is far behind the pace of economic construction, Production safety and occupational hazards are still very grim situation. There is a alarming, huge economic and social costs behind the China's rapid economic growth in the total number of ring, In recent years, China's annual GDP rate of more than 7% growth, Meanwhile, The Occupational injury incident rate was higher rise. In this sense, China's economic growth is based on the rights and interests of laborers at the expense of the loss. Production frequent accidents and occupational diseases spread resulted in a large number of laborers life, health and property losses and many family tragedies and a series of social problems, has become a great resistance in China's economic and social development.The fifth part is to analyze the reasons from the economy and society. The economic reason is the long-term shortage of inputs, enterprises with good returns can input some fund each year, but the input decrease year after year. In the state-owned enterprises many little or losses enterprises, the health and safety investment is little or no investment. The root of the system is inadequate supervision led to the lower cost. It is specifically manifested in the laws is not complete and Occupational Safety regulation system is imperfect. Compared with developed industrial countries, the process of industrialization in China and the matching of occupational safety and health laws is not complete. Not achieve effective control of occupational hazards, thereby causing our occupational health and safety and economic development, social progress and the industrial management of serious gap Meanwhile, the planned economic system to a market system in the process of transformation, our occupational safety regulation system has undergone a number of changes, However, the lack of work and overlapping functions and other issues have not been fully resolved, the lower the efficiency of supervision.The part VI in the foundation of learning from the experience of developed countries, Make policy recommendations about China's occupational safety regulations, including legislative and regulatory organization on the recommendations.