Studies On Preparation Of Polyacrylamide(PAM)/Zinc Sulfide(ZnS) Hybrid Nanoparticles In Inverse Emulsions

It is essential for controlling morphology of hybrid nanoparticles by using confinement and channel effect of water-soluble polymers in inverse emulsions on inorganic reactions to construct a stable inverse emulsion containing polymers. The complication of constitution in an inverse emulsion containing polymers decides the complication of the factors influencing their stability, and it is not only difficult to obtain a stable inverse emulsion containing polymers but go so far as to result in a phase inversion, if only some one factor is considered simply. Thus, the stability of acrylamide-based emulsions, prepared with surfactants consisting of lipophilic Span80 and hydrophilic OP10, before and after polymerization was investigated. The stability of inverse emulsions can be usually adjusted though controlling experimental conditions such as regulating oil/water ratio, emulsifier mode of emulsification, the dosage of surfactant, volume ratio of oil phase to water phase and condition of polymerization and so on. The research results two kinds of phase separation mechanisms caused by the ratio of toluene to water. When the water volume fraction was larger, the phase separation mechanism was mainly a penetrating of aqueous molecules from the dispersed phase droplets. When the water volume fraction was smaller, the phase separation mechanism was mainly sedimentation of the separated aqueous droplets.On the basis of the above research on the stability of the acrylamide-based emulsions, Zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanoparticles with various shapes were prepared in various inverse emulsions containing polyacrylamide (PAM) and the formation mechanism of ZnS nanoparticles was investigated. The morphology of ZnS nanoparticles prepared in this series of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions was studied with TEM and XRD. The research results indicate that not only the PAM template but also the precipitating agents (Na₂S or H₂S) can have an effect on the modalities of ZnS nanoparticles. The method developed in this work, based on the confinement and channel effect of the water-soluble polymer in an inverse emulsions on the inorganic reactions, can achieve success in controlling the morphology of ZnS nanoparticles in the various designed polyacrylamide templates by using different precipitators. The thermal stability of ZnS/PAM composite microspheres has an obvious increase, compared with the PAM microspheres.The pseudo-ternary phase diagrams of BPNO₃/ Span80-Tween80/ Iso-amylalcohol/ Toluene system were determined by visual turbidity measurements and electrical conductivity measurements. Phase behavior of this system and the influence of HLB on the phase diagrams were studied. The struction of BPNO₃/Span80-Tween80/Iso-amylalcohol/ Toluene system was studied with TEM and DTS. The struction of microemulsions can be usually effected by some experimental conditions such as the toluene/RTILs ratio, the dosage of surfactant and so on.On the basis of the above research on the phase behavior of BPNO₃/Span80-Tween80/Iso-amylalcohol/ Toluene microemulsion system, ZnS nanoparticles with various shapes were prepared in various inverse microemulsions and the formation mechanism of ZnS nanoparticles was investigated. The morphology of ZnS nanoparticles can be usually adjusted though controlling experimental conditions such as the toluene/RTILs ratio, the dosage of surfactant and so on, emulsifiers mode of emulsification, the dosage of surfactant, the dosage of ZnS and so on. The size of the ZnS nanoparticles decreases with the growing of the oluene/RTILs ratio and the dosage of surfactant.A new synthesis method—Microwave assistant Rome Temperature Ionic Liquid Microemulsion, was brought forward with the colligation of microemulsion, rome temperature ionic liquid and microemulsion. The ZnS, PAM and PAM/ZnS nanoparticles were prepared in this method and the structure of these nanoparticles was studied with TEM and XRD. The ZnS nanoparticles obtained in such a medium are generally very fine and monodisperse. The Cross-linked PAM was obtained in this inverse microemulsion rather than general PAM and the thermol stability of PAM Particles was studied with TGA-SDTA. Furthermore, the influence of Cross-linked PAM and the dosage of ZnS on Morphology of PAM-ZnS Composite Particles were studied.